{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T22:12:14Z","timestamp":1777587134095,"version":"3.51.4"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]]},"group-title":"Molecular Biology","reference-count":95,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]],"date-time":"2026-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776988800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.biorxiv.org\/about\/FAQ#license"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH","award":["5P30GM118228-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5P30GM118228-02"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["5P20GM125498-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5P20GM125498-03"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Alternative polyadenylation is a mechanism by which cells tune gene expression, and dysregulation can lead to development of disease. PABPC1 has been implicated in poly(A) site selection, but its function in gene regulation remains contradictory and poorly defined. Here, we investigate its role in B cell development, where APA controls immunoglobulin secretion. To define this role, we mapped PABPC1-RNA interactions using CLAP-seq and perturbed PABPC1 expression using a degron based strategy. PABPC1 localizes to the 3\u2019UTR in 70% of its gene targets and primarily binds to A-rich regions. Integration with transcriptomic data suggests PABPC1 downregulates 60% of its gene targets. While transcriptome-wide shifts in 3\u2019 UTR length were limited, PABPC1 binding was specifically enriched in genes exhibiting significant 3\u2019 UTR shortening. Using a foundational genomics model, we find the PAS-proximal region is the most predictive of gene expression within PABPC1 binding sites. Positional analysis revealed PABPC1 localizes closer to the PAS in genes downregulated following depletion. In immunoglobulin transcripts, PABPC1 binds to both secreted and membrane isoforms and is more enriched at the secretory PAS, and depletion modestly alters immunoglobulin expression. Together, our findings demonstrate PABPC1 primarily shortens and downregulates its targets in a context dependent manner.<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:fig id=\"ufig1\" position=\"float\" fig-type=\"figure\" orientation=\"portrait\">\n                    <jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"720383v1_ufig1\" position=\"float\" orientation=\"portrait\"\/>\n                  <\/jats:fig>\n                <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.04.23.720383","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T03:55:14Z","timestamp":1777089314000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["PABPC1 Modulates Immunoglobulin pre-mRNA Alternative Polyadenylation"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8766-2378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zachary","family":"Miller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dept of Surgical Research, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA"},{"name":"Dept of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA"},{"name":"Cell, Molecular, & Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA"},{"name":"University of Vermont Cancer Center, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8894-1574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jake","family":"Dearborn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dept of Surgical Research, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA"},{"name":"Dept of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA"},{"name":"Cell, Molecular, & Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA"},{"name":"University of Vermont Cancer Center, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3653-0922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ramiro","family":"Barrantes-Reynolds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Vermont, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Burlington, VT, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4719-723X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hana","family":"Paculova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Vermont Cancer Center, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA"},{"name":"Dept of Biomedical and Health Sciences Dept., University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4654-8974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Drew","family":"Honson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carnegie Institution for Science, Division of Biosphere Sciences and Engineering, Pasadena, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7358-1606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jihui","family":"Sha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Biological Chemistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2597-2255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weixian","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Biological Chemistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tylar","family":"Kirch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dept of Surgical Research, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA"},{"name":"Dept of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA"},{"name":"Cell, Molecular, & Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA"},{"name":"University of Vermont Cancer Center, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Dowell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dept of Surgical Research, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA"},{"name":"Dept of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA"},{"name":"Cell, Molecular, & Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA"},{"name":"University of Vermont Cancer Center, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9924-9006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sylvester","family":"Languon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dept of Surgical Research, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA"},{"name":"Dept of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA"},{"name":"Cell, Molecular, & Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA"},{"name":"University of Vermont Cancer Center, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4817-2955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kalev","family":"Freeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dept of Emergency Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4058-3661","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seth","family":"Frietze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Vermont Cancer Center, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA"},{"name":"Dept of Biomedical and Health Sciences Dept., University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3399-901X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James","family":"Wohlschlegel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine, Department of Biological Chemistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2541-3851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Devdoot","family":"Majumdar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dept of Surgical Research, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA"},{"name":"Dept of Electrical and Biomedical Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA"},{"name":"University of Vermont Cancer Center, Burlington, VT, 05405, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2018.10.015"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14175","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms14175","article-title":"Genome-wide association analysis implicates dysregulation of immunity genes in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia","volume":"8","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2017.24"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-2836(76)80080-0"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nchembio.1406"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-022-00507-5"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(80)90617-0"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(80)90616-9"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(80)90615-7"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1097-2765(00)80291-9"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)82000-0"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1786"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1401608"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00898-15"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M117.794834"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.12.20.3226"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkr820"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.26.8.3085-3097.2006"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1261\/rna.7291205"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-9822(00)00701-6"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sagae, T. , Yokogawa, M. , Sawazaki, R. , Ishii, Y. , Hosoda, N. , Hoshino, S. , Imai, S. , Shimada, I. , and Osawa, M. (2022) Paip2A inhibits translation by competitively binding to the RNA recognition motifs of PABPC1 and promoting its dissociation from the poly(A) tail. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 10.1016\/j.jbc.2022.101844","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbc.2022.101844"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00738-08"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e24139","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.24139","article-title":"Poly(A) tail length regulates PABPC1 expression to tune translation in the heart","volume":"6","year":"2017","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gks655"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1186\/s13578-023-00997-6","article-title":"PABPN1 regulates mRNA alternative polyadenylation to inhibit bladder cancer progression","volume":"13","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell & Bioscience"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1005166"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.2021108650"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2024.06.005"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2025.03.17.643825"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2016.03.023","article-title":"PAPERCLIP Identifies MicroRNA Targets and a Role of CstF64\/64tau in Promoting Non-canonical poly(A) Site Usage","volume":"15","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Rep"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2017.08.024"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1261\/rna.053447.115"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2024.01.026"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.10.004"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100317","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xgen.2023.100317","article-title":"Skipper analysis of eCLIP datasets enables sensitive detection of constrained translation factor binding sites","volume":"3","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cell Genom"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2010.05.004"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1261\/rna.053447.115"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.70.3.924"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81517-2"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/rna.3.4.4075"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/excr.1994.1104"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-19659-6"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/15.20.8125"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(99)01039-X"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/23.12.2198"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.02.049"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, A. Q. , Barbosa, R. R. , and Calado, D. P. Genetic timestamping of plasma cells in vivo reveals tissue-specific homeostatic population turnover. eLife. 9, e59850","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.59850"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1007\/s10616-024-00626-1","article-title":"PABPC1 silencing inhibits pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and EMT, and induces apoptosis via PI3K\/AKT pathway","volume":"76","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cytotechnology"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2021.02.07.430165"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41589-018-0021-8"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"gkag075","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkag075","article-title":"Cytoplasmic poly-adenosine binding proteins modulate susceptibility of mRNAs to Pumilio-mediated decay","volume":"54","year":"2026","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-44456-9"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13059-014-0550-8"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2000280"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-49259-0"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1202227"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2032","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-15835-3","article-title":"Immunoglobulin expression and the humoral immune response is regulated by the non-canonical poly(A) polymerase TENT5C","volume":"11","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms6274"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1089709"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagrm.2017.03.002","article-title":"Expression of Rac1 alternative 3\u2032 UTRs is a cell specific mechanism with a function in dendrite outgrowth in cortical neurons","volume":"1860","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Regulatory Mechanisms"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1907","DOI":"10.1177\/15353702221121631","article-title":"Polyadenylate-binding protein cytoplasmic 1 mediates alternative splicing events of immune-related genes in gastric cancer cells","volume":"247","year":"2022","journal-title":"Exp Biol Med (Maywood)"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41596-023-00944-2"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41375-019-0580-z"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkac263"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1186\/s13046-022-02339-9","article-title":"PABPC1-induced stabilization of IFI27 mRNA promotes angiogenesis and malignant progression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma through exosomal miRNA-21-5p","volume":"41","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Exp Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiang, K. , and Bartel, D. P. The molecular basis of coupling between poly(A)-tail length and translational efficiency. eLife. 10, e66493","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.66493"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2024.109303"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1907","DOI":"10.1177\/15353702221121631","article-title":"Polyadenylate-binding protein cytoplasmic 1 mediates alternative splicing events of immune-related genes in gastric cancer cells","volume":"247","year":"2022","journal-title":"Exp Biol Med (Maywood)"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1701070"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2018.05.009"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.04.013"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2022.848626"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkae1043"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.4.1403"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.17.7.3907"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1211101109"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.7.1145"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1005166"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkac263"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14348\/molcells.2017.2319"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg3778"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00155-08"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.03.009"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.str.2010.12.019"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1090095"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07488"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb.1838"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.3810"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.03.009"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0901997106"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-024-02053-6"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.1811.00416"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btr064"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkv416"},{"key":"2026042813100794000_2026.04.23.720383v1.95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2253","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-025-02868-z","article-title":"gReLU: a comprehensive framework for DNA sequence modeling and design","volume":"22","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Methods"}],"container-title":[],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.64898\/2026.04.23.720383","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T20:10:18Z","timestamp":1777407018000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/biorxiv.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.64898\/2026.04.23.720383"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]]},"references-count":95,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.64898\/2026.04.23.720383","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,24]]},"subtype":"preprint"}}