{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"medRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T11:17:31Z","timestamp":1778152651131,"version":"3.51.4"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]]},"group-title":"Neurology","reference-count":57,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777939200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>INTRODUCTION<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Whether Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) blood biomarker-cognition associations differ across cognitive domains, analytic context, and biomarker modeling strategy in population-based cohorts is unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In 1,170 older adults from the Health and Retirement Study Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol, we examined cross-sectional (2016) and prospective (2016-2022) associations of blood p-tau181, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament light (NfL), and amyloid-\u03b242\/40 with memory, executive function, language, visuospatial ability, and global cognition using individual biomarker, principal components analysis-derived composite, and multibiomarker panel models.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cross-sectionally, NfL and GFAP showed the broadest associations. Prospectively, p-tau181 was independently associated with memory and global cognition, whereas GFAP was associated with executive function, memory, and global cognition. P-tau181 also showed relative memory-versus-executive selectivity. The comparatively best-fitting modeling approach differed by cognitive domain and analytic context.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>DISCUSSION<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>AD blood biomarker-cognition associations in community-dwelling older adults are domain-differentiated and context-dependent, supporting domain-specific outcomes and flexible biomarker modeling strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.05.03.26352316","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T22:05:39Z","timestamp":1778018739000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparative analyses of Alzheimer\u2019s disease blood biomarkers and cognitive domains"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3313-7655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deirdre M.","family":"O\u2019Shea","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Comprehensive Center for Brain Health, Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 7700 Camino Real Suite 200, Boca Raton, FL 33433"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5678-245X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James E.","family":"Galvin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comprehensive Center for Brain Health, Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 7700 Camino Real Suite 200, Boca Raton, FL 33433"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2026050703550468000_2026.05.03.26352316v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13859"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026050703550468000_2026.05.03.26352316v1.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12724","article-title":"Plasma A\u03b242\/40 ratio, 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