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While membrane charge, phase, and curvature are each known to influence \u03b1Syn binding, these properties are typically examined independently, leaving their combined effects on both equilibrium and dynamic membrane association unresolved. Here, we systematically investigate how membrane phase and charge jointly regulate \u03b1Syn binding, curvature sensitivity, and exchange dynamics using fluorescence microscopy, circular dichroism spectroscopy, and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP), complemented by coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations. Under zwitterionic conditions, \u03b1Syn preferentially binds highly curved gel-phase membranes, driven by curvature-dependent enrichment of packing defects arising from faceted vesicle morphologies. Incorporation of anionic lipids selectively enhances binding in liquid-phase membranes while attenuating curvature-dependent partitioning in gel-phase membranes. Dynamic measurements reveal that membrane phase and charge also govern the stability of membrane-associated \u03b1Syn, with gel-phase membranes and anionic lipids promoting kinetically stabilized states. Simulations show that curvature-induced defect formation is strongly amplified in gel-phase membranes but largely insensitive to charge. These findings establish that \u03b1Syn-membrane interactions are governed by a cooperative interplay between membrane phase, curvature, and charge and highlight the importance of resolving both thermodynamic and kinetic contributions to protein-membrane binding.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.05.12.724662","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T13:15:30Z","timestamp":1778764530000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Membrane Phase, Charge, and Curvature Regulate \u03b1-Synuclein Binding Dynamics"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"given":"Orianna H.","family":"Kou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90089, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cailyn M.","family":"Sakurai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, 92093, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie Y.","family":"Ramirez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, 90089, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian H.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David H.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zixin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90033, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0670-2308","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christopher T.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, 92093, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2341-8923","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wade F.","family":"Zeno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2026051807252801000_2026.05.12.724662v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maroteaux L , Campanelli J , Scheller R . 1988. 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