{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T15:07:59Z","timestamp":1779462479766,"version":"3.53.1"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]},"group-title":"Bioengineering","reference-count":49,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779148800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.biorxiv.org\/about\/FAQ#license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"U.S. National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2332041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2332041"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"U.S. National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["15-48571"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["15-48571"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["P30-AR069619"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30-AR069619"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["1R01HD113596"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1R01HD113596"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["IRACDA, K12GM081259"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IRACDA, K12GM081259"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Osteoporotic bone degeneration involves progressive deterioration of trabecular microarchitecture, yet most scaffold-based bone tissue engineering studies evaluate osteogenesis in structurally favorable architectures that poorly represent compromised bone environments. Here, we establish a degeneration-inspired Voronoi scaffold platform in which point spacing serves as a single tunable architectural parameter to model transitions from dense mechanically integrated to severely deteriorated trabecular-like microenvironments. Increasing point spacing from 1.25 to 2.5 mm progressively reduced scaffold connectivity and stiffness while shifting deformation behavior from distributed load transfer to localized stress concentration, as confirmed by finite element analysis and mechanical testing. Benchmarking against clinically reported HR-pQCT datasets from postmenopausal women demonstrated that the intermediate 1.75 mm point spacing scaffold represents a clinically relevant compromised trabecular-like state, whereas the 2.5 mm scaffold represents a more severely deteriorated architectural condition. These architecture-dependent mechanical and structural transitions directly regulated hMSC behavior, where high point spacing scaffolds reduced cytoskeletal organization, stress fiber density, and osteogenic mineralization, establishing an architecture-associated osteogenic dysfunction regime. Polydopamine (PDA) coating progressively enhanced cytoskeletal organization and mineralization within architecturally compromised scaffolds without altering scaffold geometry. To quantitatively assess biointerface-mediated functional recovery, a Mineralization Rescue Percentage (MRP) framework was introduced, demonstrating up to 43% restoration of architecture-associated mineralization loss following PDA coating. Collectively, this work establishes a clinically contextualized degeneration-to-rescue biomaterials framework that shifts current scaffold design paradigms beyond structurally favorable architectures toward systematic investigation and functional rescue of architecture-associated osteogenic dysfunction within compromised bone-like microenvironments.<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Graphical Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:fig id=\"ufig1\" position=\"float\" orientation=\"portrait\" fig-type=\"figure\">\n                    <jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"725650v1_ufig1\" position=\"float\" orientation=\"portrait\"\/>\n                  <\/jats:fig>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Statement of Significance<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Most scaffold-based bone tissue engineering studies evaluate osteogenesis in structurally favorable architectures that poorly represent compromised bone microenvironments associated with osteoporosis. Here, a clinically contextualized Voronoi scaffold platform is established in which point spacing serves as a single tunable architectural parameter to model transitions from mechanically integrated to structurally deteriorated trabecular-like states. By decoupling architectural and surface biointerface effects, the study demonstrates that architectural deterioration alone can drive cytoskeletal disruption and osteogenic failure. Importantly, polydopamine-mediated surface engineering partially restored cytoskeletal organization and mineralization within architecturally compromised scaffolds without altering bulk geometry. A Mineralization Rescue Percentage (MRP) framework was further introduced to quantitatively assess biointerface-mediated functional recovery within degeneration-inspired scaffold microenvironments.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.05.16.725650","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T20:15:14Z","timestamp":1779221714000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Degeneration-Inspired Architectural States Defined by Voronoi Point Spacing and Surface-Mediated Rescue of Osteogenic Dysfunction in 3D-Printed Scaffolds"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"given":"Jasmine","family":"Carpenter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Polymeric Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical and Mechanical Engineering, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pratheesh Kanakarajan","family":"Vijaya Kumari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Polymeric Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical and Mechanical Engineering, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher J","family":"Panebianco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States of America"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joel D","family":"Boerckel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering and Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States of America"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derrick","family":"Dean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Polymeric Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical and Mechanical Engineering, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vineeth M","family":"Vijayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Polymeric Biomaterials, Department of Biomedical and Mechanical Engineering, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Y.M. Sillmann , A.M.P. Baggio , P. Eber , B.R. Freedman , C. Liu , Y. Jounaidi , A. Schramm , F. Wilde , F.P.S. Guastaldi , Advancing Scaffold Architecture for Bone Tissue Engineering: A Comparative Study of 3D-Printed \u03b2-TCP Constructs in Dynamic Culture with pBMSC, J Funct Biomater 16(9) (2025).","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb16090327"},{"key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpolymj.2024.113251","article-title":"Innovative designs of 3D scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration: Understanding principles and addressing challenges","volume":"215","year":"2024","journal-title":"European Polymer Journal"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2025","DOI":"10.1007\/s10237-024-01880-0","article-title":"Mechanobiological optimization of scaffolds for bone tissue engineering","volume":"23","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology"},{"key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.4","first-page":"729076","article-title":"Design, materials, and mechanobiology of biodegradable scaffolds for bone tissue engineering","volume":"2015","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.3390\/ma13030648","article-title":"Mechanobiological Approach to Design and Optimize Bone Tissue Scaffolds 3D Printed with Fused Deposition Modeling: A Feasibility Study","volume":"13","year":"2020","journal-title":"Materials"},{"key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"S. Polo , A. Garc\u00eda-Dom\u00ednguez , E.M. Rubio , J. Claver , Lattice Structures in Additive Manufacturing for Biomedical Applications: A Systematic Review, Polymers (Basel) 17(17) (2025).","DOI":"10.3390\/polym17172285"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.7","first-page":"4507","article-title":"A systematic review and unified framework for design for additive manufacturing (DfAM)","volume":"143","year":"2026","journal-title":"The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology"},{"key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102905","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2026.102905","article-title":"Data-driven multiscale design of composite biomaterials: Integrating experiments, imaging, and computational modeling for biomedical engineering","volume":"37","year":"2026","journal-title":"Materials Today Bio"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11755","DOI":"10.1021\/acsnano.2c03776","article-title":"Effects of Scaffold Shape on Bone Regeneration: Tiny Shape Differences Affect the Entire System","volume":"16","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Nano"},{"key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2023.10.005","article-title":"Generative design approach to combine architected Voronoi foams with porous collagen scaffolds to create a tunable composite biomaterial","volume":"172","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Biomater"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1057","DOI":"10.1007\/s10237-025-01953-8","article-title":"Tuning the trabecular orientation of Voronoi-based scaffold to optimize the micro-environment for bone healing","volume":"24","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomech Model Mechanobiol"},{"key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2023.106232","article-title":"Optimal mechanical properties of Hydroxyapatite gradient Voronoi porous scaffolds for bone applications \u2014 A numerical study","volume":"148","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2529277","DOI":"10.1155\/adv\/2529277","article-title":"Design and Fabrication of Bone Scaffolds With Regular and Irregular Voronoi Architectures: A Comparative Study","volume":"2025","year":"2025","journal-title":"Advances in Polymer Technology"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3022","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.1c01482","article-title":"Additively Manufactured Multilevel Voronoi-Lattice Scaffolds with Bonelike Mechanical Properties","volume":"8","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering"},{"key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1719","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmrt.2023.05.282","article-title":"Design of porous structure based on the Voronoi diagram and stress line for better stress shielding relief and permeability","volume":"25","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology"},{"key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"X. Zhang , M. Zhang , C. Zhang , T. Zhou , X. Wu , X. Yue , Prediction and Numerical Study of Thermal Performance of Gradient Porous Structures Based on Voronoi Tessellation Design, Materials (Basel) 15(22) (2022).","DOI":"10.3390\/ma15228046"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"924","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2008.12.030","article-title":"Density and architecture have greater effects on the toughness of trabecular bone than damage","volume":"44","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bone"},{"key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M.L. Gatto , G. Cerqueni , M. Furlani , N. Riberti , E. Tognoli , L. Denti , F. Leonardi , A. Giuliani , M. Mattioli-Belmonte , P. Mengucci , Influence of Trabecular Geometry on Scaffold Mechanical Behavior and MG-63 Cell Viability, Materials (Basel) 16(6) (2023).","DOI":"10.3390\/ma16062342"},{"key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmbbm.2023.106172","article-title":"An improved trabecular bone model based on Voronoi tessellation","volume":"148","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials"},{"issue":"29","key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eadv8804","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adv8804","article-title":"Architecture mechanics mediated osteogenic progression in bone regeneration of artificial scaffolds","volume":"11","year":"2025","journal-title":"Science Advances"},{"key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116260","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2021.116260","article-title":"Bone microarchitecture and estimated failure load are deteriorated whether patients with chronic kidney disease have normal bone mineral density, osteopenia or osteoporosis","volume":"154","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2202766","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202202766","article-title":"Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds: Function of Multi-Material Hierarchically Structured Scaffolds","volume":"12","year":"2023","journal-title":"Adv Healthc Mater"},{"key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7938","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmrt.2023.05.076","article-title":"Surface modifications of scaffolds for bone regeneration","volume":"24","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Materials Research and Technology"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.24","first-page":"S11","article-title":"Bone mechanical properties and changes with osteoporosis","volume":"47 Suppl 2","year":"2016","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2007.1341"},{"key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112655","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2024.112655","article-title":"Polydopamine-Modified functional materials promote bone regeneration","volume":"238","year":"2024","journal-title":"Materials & Design"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4602","DOI":"10.1021\/am200978h","article-title":"Antibacterial Performance of Polydopamine-Modified Polymer Surfaces Containing Passive and Active Components","volume":"3","year":"2011","journal-title":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces"},{"key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111078","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2022.111078","article-title":"Simulation on bone remodeling with stochastic nature of adult and elderly using topology optimization algorithm","volume":"136","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Biomechanics"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.562","article-title":"Individual trabecula segmentation (ITS)-based morphological analyses and microfinite element analysis of HR-pQCT images discriminate postmenopausal fragility fractures independent of DXA measurements","volume":"27","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Mineral Research"},{"key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110857","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2022.110857","article-title":"A novel method to design biomimetic, 3D printable stochastic scaffolds with controlled porosity for bone tissue engineering","volume":"220","year":"2022","journal-title":"Materials & Design"},{"key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111414","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2022.111414","article-title":"Irregular pore size of degradable bioceramic Voronoi scaffolds prepared by stereolithography: Osteogenesis and computational fluid dynamics analysis","volume":"224","year":"2022","journal-title":"Materials & Design"},{"key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.32","first-page":"1","article-title":"Tuning the trabecular orientation of Voronoi-based scaffold to mimic bone anisotropy for tissue engineering applications","volume":"24","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology"},{"key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2023.02.012","article-title":"Bioceramic scaffolds with triply periodic minimal surface architectures guide early-stage bone regeneration","volume":"25","year":"2023","journal-title":"Bioactive Materials"},{"key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101883","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rineng.2024.101883","article-title":"Mechanical and permeability properties of skeletal and sheet triply periodic minimal surface scaffolds in bone defect reconstruction","volume":"21","year":"2024","journal-title":"Results in Engineering"},{"key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20417314241263689","DOI":"10.1177\/20417314241263689","article-title":"Novel 3D printed TPMS scaffolds: Microstructure, characteristics and applications in bone regeneration","volume":"15","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Tissue Engineering"},{"key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2018.06.003"},{"key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2024.05.017","article-title":"Focal adhesion and actin orientation regulated by cellular geometry determine stem cell differentiation via mechanotransduction","volume":"182","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acta Biomaterialia"},{"key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2015.10.033"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-022-04320-w","article-title":"Biomechanical, biophysical and biochemical modulators of cytoskeletal remodelling and emergent stem cell lineage commitment","volume":"6","year":"2023","journal-title":"Communications Biology"},{"key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102571","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2025.102571","article-title":"Strong living scaffolds for load-bearing musculoskeletal tissue regeneration","volume":"35","year":"2025","journal-title":"Mater Today Bio"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2615","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.0c01719","article-title":"Effect of Dual Pore Size Architecture on In Vitro Osteogenic Differentiation in Additively Manufactured Hierarchical Scaffolds","volume":"7","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering"},{"key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-1258"},{"key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.061206"},{"key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.44","first-page":"983","article-title":"Finite element analysis performed on HR-pQCT images of bone microarchitecture in postmenopausal women is associated with distal radius fracture status","volume":"25","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Mineral Research"},{"key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1080\/17452759.2016.1172301","article-title":"A method to design biomimetic scaffolds for bone tissue engineering based on Voronoi lattices","volume":"11","year":"2016","journal-title":"Virtual and Physical Prototyping"},{"key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110224","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matdes.2021.110224","article-title":"Mechanical and geometrical study of 3D printed Voronoi scaffold design for large bone defects","volume":"212","year":"2021","journal-title":"Materials & Design"},{"key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M.L. Alfieri , L. Panzella , S.L. Oscurato , M. Salvatore , R. Avolio , M.E. Errico , P. Maddalena , A. Napolitano , M. D\u2019Ischia , The Chemistry of Polydopamine Film Formation: The Amine-Quinone Interplay, Biomimetics (Basel) 3(3) (2018).","DOI":"10.3390\/biomimetics3030026"},{"key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"W.H. Song , J.E. Kim , L. Rajbongshi , S.R. Lee , Y. Kim , S.Y. Hwang , S.O. Oh , B.S. Kim , D. Lee , S. Yoon , Polydopamine-Coated Surfaces Promote Adhesion, Migration, Proliferation, Chemoresistance, Stemness, and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Human Prostate Cancer Cell Lines In Vitro via Integrin \u03b1(2)\u03b2(1)-FAK-JNK Signaling, Int J Mol Sci 27(2) (2026).","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms27020655"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026052207550761000_2026.05.16.725650v1.49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10748","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.0c22565","article-title":"Biofunction of Polydopamine Coating in Stem Cell Culture","volume":"13","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces"}],"container-title":[],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.64898\/2026.05.16.725650","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T14:55:21Z","timestamp":1779461721000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/biorxiv.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.64898\/2026.05.16.725650"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]},"references-count":49,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.64898\/2026.05.16.725650","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]},"subtype":"preprint"}}