{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T10:04:51Z","timestamp":1779703491051,"version":"3.53.1"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]]},"group-title":"Neuroscience","reference-count":81,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779321600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH","award":["DA054461"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DA054461"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Rationale<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The progression of psychostimulant abuse is associated with a shift from recreational to habitual use (R2H-shift). Because this R2H-shift can be modeled using behavioral economics, we developed a novel Behavioral Economic model for the Analysis of Self-administration Time-curve (BEAST) to obtain R2H-shift variable(s). The relationship(s) between R2H-shift variables and drug intake (under normal and\/or punishment conditions) is\/are unknown. Our goal was to determine if the R2H-shift variable and intake variables obtained during the initial self-administration training phase were related to 1) drug intake at that time, and subsequent drug intake under 2) normal, 3) punishment, 4) post-punishment, and 5) price-constrained conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Long Evans rats self-administered methamphetamine (METH, males n = 16, females n = 14), sucrose (males n = 22, females n = 22) and\/or saline (males n = 3, females n = 10) under FR1 for 6 h per day for 20 days to obtain 1) followed by the assessment of subsequent drug intake under different conditions (2-5 above). We obtained all variables referenced above. We determined the relationships between all variables (multivariate analysis).<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>There were no sex differences detected in the METH and sucrose studies. For METH and sucrose, prior drug intake levels could predict drug intake under normal\/punishment but not under price-constrained conditions. The R2H-shift variable could predict drug intake under a consumption-price curve but could not predict intake under normal\/punishment conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>While related to economic demand, the recreational-to-habitual shift rate was unrelated to drug intake levels (under normal and punishment conditions).<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.05.19.726350","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T20:50:14Z","timestamp":1779396614000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The recreational-to-habitual shift in psychostimulant use is an economic demand parameter that is unrelated to drug consumption levels (under normal and punishment 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