{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T11:59:45Z","timestamp":1780574385817,"version":"3.54.1"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"group-title":"Immunology","reference-count":47,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01AI167724"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI167724"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01DA056770"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DA056770"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Office of Research Infrastructure Programs","award":["P51OD11132"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P51OD11132"]}]},{"name":"Office of Research Infrastructure Programs","award":["U42OD011023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U42OD011023"]}]},{"name":"Office of Research Infrastructure Programs","award":["P30AI050409"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30AI050409"]}]},{"name":"Office of Research Infrastructure Programs","award":["S10OD026799"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["S10OD026799"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>\n                  Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-delivered anti-HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) have demonstrated promise for preventing and treating HIV-1 infection in preclinical models. However, host immune responses, specifically anti-drug antibodies (ADA), limit sustained bNAb expression. We have previously shown that PD-L1-mediated immune shielding improves the consistency of AAV-delivered bNAb 3BNC117 expression from muscle tissue in rhesus macaques. Here, we test the breadth of this approach with another bNAb, 10-1074. We show that AAV9.PD-L1 co-delivery with AAV9.10-1074 reduced the occurrence of ADA responses and improved the durability of bNAb expression for one year post administration. Notably 12 of 12 macaques that received AAV9.10-1074 vectors were protected against ten repeated SHIV\n                  <jats:sub>AD8-EO<\/jats:sub>\n                  challenges. Histopathological profiling showed that AAV9.PD-L1 co-delivery prevented severe local inflammation and tertiary lymphoid structure formation at the administration site. Thus, immune shielding could serve as a broad strategy to prolong transgene expression from muscle-directed AAV-delivered biologics.\n                <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.05.29.728806","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T04:20:13Z","timestamp":1780374013000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Overcoming host immune responses to an AAV-delivered HIV-1 bNAb in rhesus macaques mediated by co-delivery of PD-L1"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"given":"Michael","family":"Kuipa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abubakarr A.","family":"Koroma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 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