{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T11:22:38Z","timestamp":1785410558840,"version":"3.56.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]]},"group-title":"Neuroscience","reference-count":25,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781049600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"award":["R01AA020394"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AA020394"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02jzrsm59","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["R01AA031171"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AA031171"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02jzrsm59","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Dysregulation of the dynorphin (DYN) \/ kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) system is heavily implicated in symptoms of alcohol use disorder (AUD) including negative affective-like states that can drive maladaptive behavioral regulation. Substantial efforts have been made towards understanding the neurobiology of DYN \/ KOR dysregulation; however, the role of dynorphinergic islands of Calleja within the ventral striatum remain poorly understood. Presently, adult male Wistar rats were trained to self-administer 10% alcohol, exposed to either air or alcohol vapor for eight weeks, and alcohol self-administration and 22-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) assessed during acute withdrawal. Subsequently, brains were extracted during acute withdrawal and DYN A-like immunoreactivity was measured in the ventral striatum. Alcohol vapor-exposed rats demonstrated increased alcohol consumption and 22-kHz USVs compared to air-exposed controls. Vapor-exposed rats additionally demonstrated increased DYN A-like immunoreactivity in the islands of Calleja. Moreover, the average DYN A neuron size positively correlated with the number of 22-kHz USVs in vapor exposed animals, but not in air-exposed controls. The present findings identify the islands of Calleja as a novel DYN-associated region that may be recruited during alcohol dependence with enhanced DYN plasticity in the islands of Calleja contributing to affective dysregulation in AUD and other neuropsychiatric conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.06.05.730464","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T18:50:21Z","timestamp":1781117421000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dynorphinergic neuroadaptations in the islands of Calleja: implications for alcohol use disorder"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6795-0882","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anthony M.","family":"Cuozzo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Alcohol and Addictions Neuroscience, Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8769-5807","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gaetan","family":"Lepreux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Alcohol and Addictions Neuroscience, Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7806-3819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA Rocky Mountain Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center for Veteran Suicide Prevention, Aurora, CO, USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gengze","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Alcohol and Addictions Neuroscience, Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7217-3950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brendan M.","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Alcohol and Addictions Neuroscience, Departments of Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA"},{"name":"Laboratory of Alcohol and Addictions Neuroscience, Departments of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA"},{"name":"USF Neuroscience Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2026061310451561000_2026.06.05.730464v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901810209"},{"key":"2026061310451561000_2026.06.05.730464v1.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, Z. , et al., Activation of the dopaminergic pathway from VTA to the medial olfactory tubercle generates odor-preference and reward. 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