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Here, using cysteine chemical proteomics, we define signatures of protein states under distinct cellular ROS environments that capture protein oxidation and conformational changes. Quantifying these signatures in primary lung tumors and brain metastases revealed a surprising enrichment of oxidative states in metastasis. To determine how these states support fitness, we performed genome-wide CRISPR screens and identified the mitochondrial Complex I subunit NDUFA10 as a key oxidation-dependent vulnerability. Oxidation of NDUFA10\u2022Cys253 supports Complex I function through a previously unrecognized nucleotide kinase activity that maintains mitochondrial DNA levels. Enforcing a reduced conformation in NDUFA10 disrupts brain metastatic colonization\n                  <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                  . These findings establish ROS regulated protein states as a functional layer of tumor fitness, providing a framework for identifying redox-dependent mechanisms that support cancer progression.\n                <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.06.08.730907","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T18:35:18Z","timestamp":1781202918000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Oxidized protein states define metastatic fitness in lung cancer"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"given":"Maolin","family":"Ge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magdy","family":"Gohar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA"},{"name":"Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Consuelo","family":"Torrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukako","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA"},{"name":"Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Keio University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan; Systems Biology Program, Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuchen","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Weinstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janice","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naema","family":"Nayyar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Md Yousuf","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Harry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cagri","family":"Cakici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhuanglin","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicol\u00f2","family":"Vivori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Krantz Family Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi","family":"Qiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. 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