{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"medRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T15:54:04Z","timestamp":1781798044799,"version":"3.54.5"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]},"group-title":"Health Economics","reference-count":50,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.medrxiv.org\/about\/FAQ#license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institutes of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01MH114562-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01MH114562-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["OPP1161471"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OPP1161471"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Medical Research Council (MRC), Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis funding from the UK Medical Research Council and Department for International Development","award":["MR\/R015600\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MR\/R015600\/1"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Demand for preventative health care is weak in low-income settings. In a field experiment in a low-income, high-risk setting, we evaluated whether demand for a new bio-medical preventative health product, offered free at public health clinics, responds to digital feedback-based intensive information on health risks and benefits of prevention along with a clinic referral enabling access to the product. In our sample of women aged 18-24 years, we find a large correction in risk beliefs sustained six months after the intervention. Against a background of very low baseline usage, within six months we find a 5.8 percentage point increase in take up of the prevention method, a level of uptake which is very large relative to the control group. Reassuringly, there is no meaningful difference in up-take amongst baseline high- risk and low-risk individuals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.06.15.26355642","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T00:25:56Z","timestamp":1781655956000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Risk beliefs, intensive digital information and demand for a new preventative health product in public clinics: Evidence from an experiment in Zimbabwe"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"given":"Ranjeeta","family":"Thomas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo M.","family":"Galizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology and Behavioural Science, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louisa","family":"Moorhouse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phyllis","family":"Mandizvidza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare, Zimbabwe"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Freedom","family":"Dzamatira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare, Zimbabwe"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Gregson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, United Kingdom"},{"name":"Biomedical Research and Training Institute, Harare, Zimbabwe"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1996.10476902"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jebo.2012.12.031"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1108524"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)61709-1"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.5","unstructured":"Banerjee, A. , Barnhardt, S. , & Duflo, E . (2017). Movies, Margins, and Marketing: Encouraging the Adoption of Iron-Fortified Salt. In D. A. Wise (Ed.), Insights in the Economics of Aging. The University of Chicago Press."},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Banerjee, A. V. , & Duflo, E . (2011). Poor economics: a radical rethinking of the way to fight global poverty (1st ed.). PublicAffairs.","DOI":"10.1080\/13545701.2012.744139"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2232497"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/146387"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpubeco.2011.07.009"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/app.6.2.152"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ej\/uead116"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/jel.20191074"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0125458"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.309.6965.1325"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jebo.2015.02.020"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11166-010-9103-z"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1198\/jbes.2009.07221"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-022-03935-8"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/aer.99.2.224"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/app.3.1.1"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jebo.2017.10.007"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.hefe.2016.09.003"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(02)00017-5"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1090-5138(02)00097-1"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/REST_a_00516"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ecoj.12125"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1814556"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.28","unstructured":"Hayes, R. J. , & Moulton, L. H . (2017). Cluster Randomised Trials (2nd Edition ed.). Chapman and Hall\/CRC."},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3368\/jhr.50.2.373"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-53592-4.00004-9"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/qjec.122.3.1007"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kremer, M. , Rao, G. , & Schilbach, F. (2019). Behavioral development economics. In B. D. Bernheim, S. Della Vigna, & D. I. Laibson (Eds.), Handbook of behavioral economics: foundations and applications. (Vol. 2). North-Holland, an imprint of Elsevier.","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.hesbe.2018.12.002"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1810743"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1402269"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdeveco.2013.08.003"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.36","unstructured":"MOHCC. (2017). Implementation Plan for HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis in Zimbabwe 2018-2020. https:\/\/www.prepwatch.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Implementation_Plan_PrEP_Zim2018.pdf"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/JEP.35.2.101"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.38","unstructured":"O\u2019Donoghue, T. , & Rabin, M . (1996). Doing it now or later. Center for Mathematical Studies in Economics and Management Science, Northwestern University."},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.hefe.2016.09.003"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhealeco.2019.01.005"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2021.100773"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-022-01928-2"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.9087"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/qai.0000000000001045"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102845","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhealeco.2023.102845","article-title":"Do risk, time and prosocial preferences predict risky sexual behaviour of youths in a low-income, high-risk setting?","volume":"93","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Health Economics"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/aer.98.5.1829"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.47","unstructured":"UNAIDS. (2024). AIDSinfo. Retrieved 20 October from"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1202614"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7448\/IAS.17.3.19146"},{"key":"2026061808151034000_2026.06.15.26355642v1.50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdeveco.2013.08.012"}],"container-title":[],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.64898\/2026.06.15.26355642","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T15:15:23Z","timestamp":1781795723000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/medrxiv.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.64898\/2026.06.15.26355642"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]},"references-count":50,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.64898\/2026.06.15.26355642","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]},"subtype":"preprint"}}