{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T10:49:24Z","timestamp":1785408564822,"version":"3.56.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]]},"group-title":"Neuroscience","reference-count":83,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"award":["AA031509"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AA031509"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02jzrsm59","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["AA031404"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AA031404"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02jzrsm59","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["AA029599"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AA029599"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02jzrsm59","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["AA019455"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AA019455"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02jzrsm59","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["AA031124"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AA031124"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02jzrsm59","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000057","name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["GM007347"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GM007347"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000057","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NS102306"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NS102306"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is marked by substantial heterogeneity in drinking behaviors and health outcomes, underscoring the need for preclinical models that capture interindividual variability. We recently developed open-source capacitive lickometer systems for high-resolution monitoring of mouse fluid intake. Using LIQ PARTI and LIQ HD, we found substantial individual differences in alcohol intake that varied across sex and housing status in C57Bl6\/J mice. Here, we conducted a secondary analysis of this continuous access ethanol drinking data to quantify behavioral variability in group and singly housed mice. We introduce a fluid \u201cmeal\u201d pattern analysis that integrates drinking across ethanol and water sippers to define discrete drinking episodes. Using this approach, we observed sex- and housing-dependent reorganization of drinking structure across group and single-housed settings, with group-housed male mice exhibiting fewer but faster liquid meals. To further characterize multidimensional drinking patterns, we applied principal component analysis to meal variables and identified a \u201cdistributed meal\u201d phenotype defined by increased meal number, reduced meal size, earlier onset of drinking, and higher ethanol preference. Considering factors that influence behaviors in a social environment, we next examined whether social hierarchy was associated with these patterns using a tube test dominance assay. Social rank was unrelated to ethanol and meal measures; however, offensive dominance behavior positively correlated with principal component scores in males. Together, these findings demonstrate that high-resolution, longitudinal analysis of ethanol drinking reveals distinct behavioral phenotypes that are associated with key components of social behaviors, providing a potential framework for understanding heterogeneity in AUD-related drinking.<\/jats:p>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Highlights<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                    <jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:p>LIQ PARTI and HD enable high-resolution analysis of ethanol drinking patterns.<\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:list-item>\n                    <jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:p>Fluid meal analysis captures sex- and housing-dependent drinking structures.<\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:list-item>\n                    <jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:p>Behavioral phenotyping reveals individual differences beyond total ethanol intake.<\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:list-item>\n                    <jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:p>PCA identifies a meal phenotype associated with male offensive dominance behavior.<\/jats:p>\n                    <\/jats:list-item>\n                  <\/jats:list>\n                <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.06.17.732974","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T03:15:24Z","timestamp":1782184524000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Individual differences in ethanol drinking meal structure are shaped by social environments"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"given":"Marie A.","family":"Doyle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, UMass Chan Medical School"},{"name":"Brudnick Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, UMass Chan Medical School"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University"},{"name":"Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3692-7495","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caitlyn M.","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, UMass Chan Medical School"},{"name":"Brudnick Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, UMass Chan Medical School"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University"},{"name":"Vanderbilt Center for Addiction Research, Vanderbilt University;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabrina D.","family":"Hallal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, UMass Chan Medical School"},{"name":"Brudnick Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, UMass Chan Medical School"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuel M.","family":"Bond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, UMass 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