{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T05:33:58Z","timestamp":1792301638643,"version":"4.4.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]]},"group-title":"Neuroscience","reference-count":58,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Aligning Science Across Parkinson\u2019s through the Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson\u2019s Research","award":["ASAP020551"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ASAP020551"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100032490","name":"Freedom Together Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["GR-2021-2960"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GR-2021-2960"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100032490","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R37 NS034696"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R37 NS034696"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>\n                  Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) is known to alter the intrinsic properties of striatal cholinergic interneurons (ChIs). However, how PD shapes ChI control of intrastriatal GABAergic circuits regulating principal spiny projection neurons (SPNs) is unknown. To fill this gap, striatal circuits in healthy and parkinsonian mice were interrogated. In\n                  <jats:italic>ex vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                  brain slices from healthy mice, optogenetic stimulation of ChIs evoked GABA\n                  <jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>\n                  receptor currents in both indirect and direct pathway SPNs that were attributable to nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR)-mediated activation of GABAergic interneurons (GIs). Simulations suggested that this circuit exerts a state-dependent control of SPN dendritic integration that was modulated by concomitant muscarinic receptor signaling. Surprisingly, in mouse models of prodromal and parkinsonian states, the ability of ChIs to engage this intrastriatal circuitry was disrupted because interneurons down-regulated nicotinic AChRs. Taken together, these studies suggest that impaired ChI control of GABAergic interneurons contributes to behavioral deficits in both prodromal and clinical PD states.\n                <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.06.17.732978","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T02:55:20Z","timestamp":1782183320000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Cholinergic interneuron control of GABAergic circuits targeting spiny projection neurons is disrupted in parkinsonian models"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8778-0617","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M.","family":"Belal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA"},{"name":"Aligning Science Across Parkinson\u2019s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8952-2276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T.","family":"Perez-Rosello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA"},{"name":"Aligning Science Across Parkinson\u2019s (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9634-0485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"E. 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