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Optical endoscopes are key to providing intraoperative vision but still face challenges due to the loss of essential senses, including depth perception and tactile feedback for tissue evaluation. Thus, it is critical to develop endoscopic imaging technologies that can augment operators with critical information. In this work, we explore a prototype multimodal 3D imaging endoscope that integrates volumetric light-field imaging with laser-speckle contrast imaging to simultaneously capture 3D structure and blood-flow information in a clinically relevant form factor.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.06.30.735698","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T16:30:17Z","timestamp":1782923417000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Multimodal 3D light-field and laser-speckle endoscopy"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1434-9663","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Corey","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Systems Biophotonics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, 30332, USA"},{"name":"Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, 30332, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6854-7537","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shu","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Systems Biophotonics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, 30332, USA"},{"name":"Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, 30332, USA"},{"name":"Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, 30332, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2026070320351162000_2026.06.30.735698v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.23398"},{"key":"2026070320351162000_2026.06.30.735698v1.2","first-page":"3267217","article-title":"Assessment of anastomotic perfusion in left\u2010sided robotic assisted colorectal resection by indocyanine green fluorescence angiography","volume":"2019","year":"2019","journal-title":"Minimally Invasive Surgery"},{"key":"2026070320351162000_2026.06.30.735698v1.3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medengphy.2009.06.003","article-title":"Review on aspects of artificial tactile feedback in laparoscopic surgery","volume":"31","year":"2009","journal-title":"Medical engineering & physics"},{"key":"2026070320351162000_2026.06.30.735698v1.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-003-9097-6"},{"key":"2026070320351162000_2026.06.30.735698v1.5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2010.04.006"},{"key":"2026070320351162000_2026.06.30.735698v1.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2321","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-020-06495-6","article-title":"3D endoscopy shows enhanced anatomical details and depth perception vs 2D: a multicentre study","volume":"278","year":"2021","journal-title":"European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology"},{"key":"2026070320351162000_2026.06.30.735698v1.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.4253\/wjge.v9.i8.368","article-title":"Evolution of stereoscopic imaging in surgery and recent advances","volume":"9","year":"2017","journal-title":"World journal of gastrointestinal endoscopy"},{"key":"2026070320351162000_2026.06.30.735698v1.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1007\/s11701-018-00900-3","article-title":"3D presentation in surgery: a review of technology and adverse effects","volume":"13","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Robotic Surgery"},{"key":"2026070320351162000_2026.06.30.735698v1.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41144","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3065104","article-title":"The future of endoscopic navigation: a review of advanced endoscopic vision technology","volume":"9","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"2026070320351162000_2026.06.30.735698v1.10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17039","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2967474","article-title":"Endoscopic path planning in robot-assisted endoscopic nasal surgery","volume":"8","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"2026070320351162000_2026.06.30.735698v1.11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-control-062420-090543","article-title":"Autonomy in surgical robotics","volume":"4","year":"2021","journal-title":"Annual Review of Control, Robotics, and Autonomous Systems"},{"key":"2026070320351162000_2026.06.30.735698v1.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"B. 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