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Much of the existing literature on sleep and memory relies on deprivation paradigms or laboratory-controlled sleep. Relatively few studies have examined how naturalistic post-encoding sleep relates to memory retrieval and its supporting neural activity, or whether age-related impairments in this sleep are linked to those in episodic memory. In the present study, we used actigraphy and electroencephalography to examine how post-encoding sleep quality relates to context memory performance and retrieval-related ERPs supporting performance in younger and older adults. Participants encoded object\u2013scene pairs and were tested on matching and mismatching pairs after a 96-hour sleep-filled delay. We found that greater post-encoding sleep continuity predicted better delayed context memory performance for mismatching pairs across age groups. Post-encoding sleep continuity was also associated with larger ERP differences between context hits and misses for context-matching pairs, for ERP effects associated with post-retrieval monitoring operations across age groups. 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