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Here, we examined how dimensions of early adversity contribute to this profile of connectivity.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In a European community sample of young adults (IMAGEN), we examined cross-sectional (n=613) and longitudinal (n=332) associations of adversity dimensions with resting-state fMRI-derived connectivity. We selected 10 ROIs from anhedonia literature, defined in the functional images as 4mm-radius spheres. We then used network-based regression models to identify clusters of ROI-ROI connections associated with threat and deprivation scores, using interaction terms to examine sex and age-specific associations. We also examined associations between adversity and anhedonia, operationalized using factor analysis of six items from self-report surveys.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    At age 18-22, we identified sex-specific associations between deprivation and connectivity for a cluster of 9 ROI-ROI connections (\n                    <jats:italic>p-FWE<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.038), primarily involving the nucleus accumbens. Specifically, we observed positive associations between deprivation and connectivity in males, and negative associations in females. In the longitudinal analysis, negative deprivation associations in females attenuated with age for a cluster of 14 connections (\n                    <jats:italic>p-FWE<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.009). A cluster of 17 connections also had initial positive associations with threat in females that attenuated with age (\n                    <jats:italic>p-FWE<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.008). No such longitudinal changes were observed in males. Higher deprivation was linked to increased later anhedonia in males but not females (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    =0.026).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Compared to females, young adult males may be more vulnerable to developing anhedonia after experiencing deprivation in childhood. Dimensions of early adversity are linked to distinct pathways of frontostriatal development.<\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.07.24.740545","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:50:14Z","timestamp":1785286214000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sex-specific associations of childhood adversity with frontostriatal network organization and anhedonia in young adulthood"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-1592-9732","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryan J.","family":"Shepherd","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2182-0369","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthias","family":"Pierce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6414-5589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nils","family":"Muhlert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Psychology, Communication and Human Neuroscience, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6749-3685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mica","family":"Komarnyckyj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5009-1739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meg","family":"Sheppard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Psychology, Communication and Human Neuroscience, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4595-1144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tobias","family":"Banaschewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany; 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German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Site T\u00fcbingen, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden, Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7796-8234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frauke","family":"Nees","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t (LMU) in Munich, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitri","family":"Papadopoulos Orfanos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, BAOBAB, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7738-4394","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luise","family":"Poustka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5398-5569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael N.","family":"Smolka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden, Dresden, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6225-9267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathalie","family":"Holz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Square J5, 68159 Mannheim, Germany; 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