{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"medRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T15:41:03Z","timestamp":1786549263821,"version":"build-2736575974"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]},"group-title":"Neurology","reference-count":19,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/zero\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health","award":["ZIANS003119"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZIANS003119"]}]},{"name":"Bristol Myers Squibb"},{"name":"Investigator-initiated research award from the Department of Defense","award":["HT94252410914"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HT94252410914"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Multiple sclerosis subpial cortical lesions are prevalent and associated with disability but difficult to detect on MRI. Inversion recovery susceptibility weighted imaging with enhanced T\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    weighting (IR-SWIET) and T\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/T\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ratio imaging have been proposed for cortical lesion detection on 3 tesla (T) MRI.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    To assess cortical lesion detection using IR-SWIET and T\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/T\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ratio imaging.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Cortical lesions were identified in 20 persons with MS (pwMS) independently on six image sets: T\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    weighted (w) magnetization prepared 2 rapid acquisition gradient echoes (MP2RAGE) + T\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    w fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) alone or with T\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/T\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    , IR-SWIET single acquisition (\u00d71), average of two (\u00d72) or median of four (\u00d74) acquisitions, or denoised single acquisition (IR-SWIET\u00d71DN). In 10 additional pwMS with 7T-based cortical lesion segmentations, lesions were identified on MP2RAGE + FLAIR + IR-SWIET\u00d71DN.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Median subpial lesions identified on MP2RAGE + FLAIR was 0 (interquartile range (IQR) 2) vs 0 with T\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/T\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    (IQR 1, p=0.07), 1 with IR-SWIET\u00d71 (IQR 6, p=0.42), 5 with IR-SWIET\u00d72 (IQR 5, p=0.008), 4 with IR-SWIET\u00d74 (IQR 6, p=0.008), and 4 with IR-SWIET\u00d71DN (IQR 6, p=0.008). Versus 7T, IR-SWIET\u00d71DN detected subpial lesions with similar sensitivity to IR-SWIET\u00d72.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>\n                <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    IR-SWIET, but not T\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/T\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    , improves subpial cortical lesion detection. Denoising may be an efficient and sensitive alternative to multi-acquisition averaging.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.08.07.26359605","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T20:25:17Z","timestamp":1786393517000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Increased subpial cortical lesion detection at 3 tesla using Inversion Recovery Susceptibility Weighted Imaging with Enhanced T2 Weighting (IR-SWIET)"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6288-2844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward","family":"Sizer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kamso","family":"Onyemeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount 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