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Recent transcriptomic studies have revealed extensive molecular diversity among RGCs that parallels their known morphological and functional heterogeneity. Although large-scale efforts have unified the transcriptomic, morphological, and physiological features for a limited number of RGC subtypes, the majority of molecularly defined types remain poorly characterized. Developing approaches that can be used to identify RGC subtypes in a reliable and reproducible manner is critical for understanding their roles in visual processing. We used a\n                  <jats:italic>\n                    Mafb\n                    <jats:sup>mCherry-2A-Cre<\/jats:sup>\n                  <\/jats:italic>\n                  mouse line to genetically label four uncharacterized RGC subtypes, along with two well-established \u03b1-RGC subtypes, and we systematically characterized their molecular markers, central brain targets, dendritic morphologies, and light response properties. Within the population of previously uncharacterized MAFB\n                  <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                  RGCs, we identified two OFF-responsive subtypes which we termed \u201cMAFB-midi-OFF\u201d and \u201cMAFB-asymmetric-OFF\u201d, and two ON-OFF-responsive subtypes termed \u201cMAFB-equal bistratified\u201d and \u201cMAFB-unequal bistratified\u201d. Notably, no single molecular, morphological, or functional characteristic was sufficient to distinguish all MAFB\n                  <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                  subtypes. Instead, accurate subtype classification emerged only through the integration of multiple complementary features, highlighting the importance of multimodal approaches for defining RGC subtype identity and resolving neuronal diversity within the retina.\n                <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.08.07.743592","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,14]],"date-time":"2026-08-14T04:45:23Z","timestamp":1786682723000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A pooled genetic approach provides multimodal access to uncharacterized retinal ganglion cell subtypes"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7956-5316","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nina","family":"Luong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Graduate Program, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6682-3101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olivia","family":"Hougham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2751-0727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joseph","family":"Leffler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4537-5768","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin","family":"Sivyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA"},{"name":"Save Sight Institute, Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5094-5270","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin M","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2026081711152687000_2026.08.07.743592v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-vision-082114-035334","article-title":"Functional Circuitry of the Retina","volume":"1","year":"2015","journal-title":"Annu. 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