{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:19:09Z","timestamp":1792790349042,"version":"4.5.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]]},"group-title":"Neuroscience","reference-count":46,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["32471050"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32471050"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["52293424"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["52293424"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","award":["226-2024-00022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["226-2024-00022"]}]},{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","award":["2025ZFJH01-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025ZFJH01-01"]}]},{"name":"Non-profit Central Research Institute Fund of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences","award":["2023-PT310-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023-PT310-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02drdmm93","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Key R&D Program of Zhejiang Province","award":["2024SSYS0019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024SSYS0019"]}]},{"name":"National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders","award":["R01DC019979"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DC019979"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/04mhx6838","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Institute of Mental Health Silvio O. Conte Center","award":["P50MH109429"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P50MH109429"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The foveola\u2014the central \u223c1\u00b0 of the visual field\u2014supports the highest-acuity spatial vision, yet localizing its cortical representation is technically demanding, particularly under anesthesia where gaze cannot be behaviorally controlled. Here we describe a hierarchical, meridian-based 7T BOLD fMRI strategy for sub-degree localization of the foveolar representation in anesthetized macaques. Drifting grating bars presented at three successively finer scales (4.5\u00b0, 1.5\u00b0, 0.5\u00b0) independently refined the vertical and horizontal meridian representations, each identified by a characteristic activation signature: bilateral convergence at the V1\/V2 border for the vertical meridian, and simultaneous dorsal and ventral V2\/V3 activation at the fundus of the calcarine sulcus for the horizontal. Their functional intersection defined candidate foveolar coordinates, which were refined using 0.2\u00b0 spot stimuli. Surface-based rendering resolved discrete foveolar loci at the lateral end of the V1\/V2, V2\/V3, V3\/V4 and V4\/TEO borders, together delimiting the previously described \u2018foveolar core\u2019. Pooling these with awake data, we place the loci in a common stereotaxic frame, yielding a first anatomical atlas of the core. Intrinsic-signal optical imaging further shows that this territory lacks the ocular-dominance and orientation columns of surrounding cortex. The approach provides a reproducible framework for locating and targeting foveolar cortex in anesthetized primates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.08.16.744304","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T21:30:21Z","timestamp":1787261421000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Precise Functional Localization of the Foveolar Representation in Anesthetized Macaque Visual Cortex"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6857-9798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meizhen","family":"Qian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital & Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China"},{"name":"Division of Translational Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation (C-BIN), Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meixuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital & Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0829-1768","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annamaria","family":"Barczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Translational Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation (C-BIN), Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaotong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5761-9435","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peichao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital & Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China"},{"name":"MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science & Brain-Machine Integration, State Key Laboratory of Brain-machine Intelligence, School of Brain Science and Brain Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"},{"name":"NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Wang","family":"Roe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Translational Neuroscience, Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation (C-BIN), Nathan S. 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