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Here we identified two largely nonoverlapping groups of neurons in the superior colliculus significantly modulated by facial expressions. One group exhibited a short-latency preference for threat and the other exhibited a delayed preference for fear.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.09.10.750132","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T07:55:14Z","timestamp":1789286114000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Neuronal processing of facial expressions in the primate superior colliculus"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9216-8174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gongchen","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Sensorimotor Research, National Eye Institute Bethesda, MD 20892 USA"},{"name":"Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Columbia University New York, NY 10027 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2742-6533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leor","family":"Katz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Sensorimotor Research, National Eye Institute Bethesda, MD 20892 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1826-0447","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard J.","family":"Krauzlis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Sensorimotor Research, National Eye Institute Bethesda, MD 20892 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2026091612212983000_2026.09.10.750132v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199912160-00007"},{"key":"2026091612212983000_2026.09.10.750132v1.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.4.1680"},{"key":"2026091612212983000_2026.09.10.750132v1.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1766"},{"key":"2026091612212983000_2026.09.10.750132v1.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41583-020-00393-w"},{"key":"2026091612212983000_2026.09.10.750132v1.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-vision-091718-014917","article-title":"Universal Mechanisms and the Development of the Face Network: What You See Is What You Get","volume":"5","year":"2019","journal-title":"Annu Rev Vis Sci"},{"key":"2026091612212983000_2026.09.10.750132v1.6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-vision-091517-034202","article-title":"The Organization and Operation of Inferior Temporal Cortex","volume":"4","year":"2018","journal-title":"Annu Rev Vis Sci"},{"key":"2026091612212983000_2026.09.10.750132v1.7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms14897"},{"key":"2026091612212983000_2026.09.10.750132v1.8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.TICS.2020.11.006"},{"key":"2026091612212983000_2026.09.10.750132v1.9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000000713"},{"key":"2026091612212983000_2026.09.10.750132v1.10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.07.047"},{"key":"2026091612212983000_2026.09.10.750132v1.11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4977-03.2004"},{"key":"2026091612212983000_2026.09.10.750132v1.12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhac109","article-title":"Rapid processing of threatening faces in the amygdala of nonhuman primates: subcortical inputs and dual roles","volume":"33","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"2026091612212983000_2026.09.10.750132v1.13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-neuro-072116-031418"},{"key":"2026091612212983000_2026.09.10.750132v1.14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/6.3.329"},{"key":"2026091612212983000_2026.09.10.750132v1.15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1194908"},{"key":"2026091612212983000_2026.09.10.750132v1.16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2889"},{"key":"2026091612212983000_2026.09.10.750132v1.17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2024.06.005"},{"key":"2026091612212983000_2026.09.10.750132v1.18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nguyen, M. 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