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The visual and olfactory systems diversify by gaining and losing sensor\/receptor genes and corresponding sensory cell types. Using multiomic single-cell analysis of dorsal root ganglia neurons from thirteen different mammalian species and cross-species functional studies enabled by cell-type-specific enhancer viruses, we show that mammals instead assemble species-specific, functionally distinct somatosensory neuron repertoires from a conserved set of neuron types (orthotypes). Repertoire diversification takes multiple forms: orthotype abundance scales with variable bodily traits like hair follicle density, facilitating relevant behaviors; sensor\/receptor expression is shuffled across species, such that orthotypes can detect different stimuli in different species; and orthotypes split into functionally distinct, species-specific subtypes (paratypes). Thus, unlike other sensory systems, the mammalian somatosensory system diversifies through multifarious changes to conserved orthotypes, enabling adaptation to diverse habitats, lifestyles, and body forms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.09.19.752904","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T13:45:32Z","timestamp":1789998332000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The functional diversification of somatosensory neuron repertoires across Mammalia"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"given":"S. 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