{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"medRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T11:56:28Z","timestamp":1790682988707,"version":"4.1.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]},"group-title":"Allergy and Immunology","reference-count":50,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790294400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH NIAID","award":["1U01AI141919"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1U01AI141919"]}]},{"name":"NIH NIAID","award":["2U01AI141919"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2U01AI141919"]}]},{"name":"NIH NIAID","award":["75N93024C00055"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["75N93024C00055"]}]},{"name":"NIH NIAID","award":["75N93019C00063"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["75N93019C00063"]}]},{"name":"Merck IIS grant for ZVL product"},{"name":"NIH","award":["R01AG064800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG064800"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["HHSN272201400049C"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN272201400049C"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["R01AI189491"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI189491"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>Herpes zoster (HZ), caused by varicella zoster virus (VZV) reactivation, is common in older adults with declining cell-mediated immune protection. A modestly efficacious live attenuated (ZVL) and a highly efficacious recombinant adjuvanted (RZV) zoster vaccine protect against HZ. To uncover the mechanism(s) associated with the superior efficacy of RZV, we developed a controlled human infection model consisting of intradermal administration of attenuated vOka VZV to older adults previously vaccinated with RZV or ZVL. Infiltration of VZV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell clonotypes at the infection site was quicker and higher in RZV than ZVL recipients \u22655 years post-immunization due to the persistence of RZV-induced gE-reactive CD4+ and CD8+ T cell clonotypes in blood. High CD4+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte frequencies in blood on Day 1 post-inoculation predicted control of VZV replication. Persistence of circulating RZV-induced CD4+ and CD8+ CTL and rapid migration to sites of VZV replication are potential mechanisms underlying durable protection against HZ.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.09.22.26363709","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T23:30:16Z","timestamp":1790379016000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Experimental model of VZV reactivation reveals vaccine-induced mechanisms of protection against herpes zoster"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thao","family":"Vu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, University of Colorado School of Public Health Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, 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