{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T16:50:37Z","timestamp":1791478237317,"version":"4.3.4"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"group-title":"Animal Behavior and Cognition","reference-count":9,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH","award":["R35GM124678"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R35GM124678"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>\n                  Chemotaxis assays are widely used to quantify sensory-driven behavioral responses in\n                  <jats:italic>Caenorhabditis elegans<\/jats:italic>\n                  . Sodium azide is commonly used to immobilize animals at assay endpoints, although concerns have been raised that diffusion beyond the endpoint region could affect behavior before a choice is completed. We compared sodium azide-mediated immobilization with post-assay cooling using the repellent 1-octanol and attractant diacetyl. Wild-type animals showed robust avoidance of 30% 1-octanol and attraction to 0.5% diacetyl with either method, across multiple assay durations, and with or without worm food\n                  <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                  OP50. These results support post-assay cooling as an alternative endpoint-scoring method.\n                <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.09.28.755163","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T08:35:14Z","timestamp":1791189314000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparison of sodium azide- and cooling-based immobilization methods for\n                  <i>Caenorhabditis elegans<\/i>\n                  chemotaxis assays"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"given":"Rachel","family":"Ji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shawndra","family":"Wibisono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1901-5600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingru","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medicine and Physiology, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2026100808550872000_2026.09.28.755163v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(91)90276-6"},{"key":"2026100808550872000_2026.09.28.755163v1.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(93)80053-H"},{"key":"2026100808550872000_2026.09.28.755163v1.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80399-2"},{"key":"2026100808550872000_2026.09.28.755163v1.4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06292"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026100808550872000_2026.09.28.755163v1.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e120","DOI":"10.1002\/cpz1.120","article-title":"Overview of Chemotaxis Behavior Assays in Caenorhabditis elegans","volume":"1","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Protoc"},{"key":"2026100808550872000_2026.09.28.755163v1.6","unstructured":"Margie O , Palmer C , Chin-Sang I. C. elegans chemotaxis assay. J Vis Exp.2013(74):e50069."},{"key":"2026100808550872000_2026.09.28.755163v1.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cho CE , Brueggemann C , L\u2019Etoile ND , Bargmann CI . Parallel encoding of sensory history and behavioral preference during Caenorhabditis elegans olfactory learning. Elife. 2016;5.","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.14000"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026100808550872000_2026.09.28.755163v1.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.2025","article-title":"Food Search Strategy Changes in Caenorhabditis elegans under Chronic Starvation Conditions","volume":"325","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Exp Zool A Ecol Genet Physiol"},{"key":"2026100808550872000_2026.09.28.755163v1.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.2142\/biophysico.16.0_167","article-title":"Food deprivation changes chemotaxis behavior in Caenorhabditis elegans","volume":"16","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biophys Physicobiol"}],"container-title":[],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/syndication.highwire.org\/content\/doi\/10.64898\/2026.09.28.755163","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T15:55:18Z","timestamp":1791474918000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/biorxiv.org\/lookup\/doi\/10.64898\/2026.09.28.755163"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"references-count":9,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.64898\/2026.09.28.755163","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"subtype":"preprint"}}