{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T17:00:37Z","timestamp":1791219637808,"version":"4.1.0"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]]},"group-title":"Cell Biology","reference-count":85,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.biorxiv.org\/about\/FAQ#license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>\n                  Stem cell-derived islets (SC-islets) are a promising source for replacing the loss of insulin-secreting \u03b2 cells in insulin-dependent diabetes patients, but compared to their primary human counter parts, SC-islets are considered functionally immature and do not immediately regulate blood glucose after transplantation. To better understand the molecular underpinnings of \u03b2 cell maturation, we genetically engineered human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) to control the induction of the \u03b2 cell-maturing transcription factor MAFA or a MAFA\n                  <jats:sup>S64F<\/jats:sup>\n                  mutant variant associated with premature \u03b2 cell aging and senescence in SC-islets. We employ a combination of\n                  <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                  assays, multi-omics analyses, and murine\n                  <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                  transplantation studies to demonstrate that MAFA remodeling of the SC-islet transcriptional landscape promotes SC-islet biogenesis and metabolic maturation giving rise to greater SC-islet resilience and insulin secretory capacity. Parallel MAFA\n                  <jats:sup>S64F<\/jats:sup>\n                  studies highlight the importance for compensatory mechanisms for sustaining accelerated oxidative metabolism and enhanced insulin secretion without inducing intracellular stress responses and islet dysfunction. Overall, these results reveal MAFA-governed transcriptional changes that drive SC-islet functional maturation, which provides the foundation for maturing SC-islets\n                  <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                  , preserving \u03b2 cell integrity, and improving SC-islet cell replacement therapies.\n                <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.09.29.755533","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T17:00:17Z","timestamp":1790787617000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["MAFA drives pancreatic islet maturation through coordination of cell growth, metabolic maturation, and resilience to stress"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"given":"Veronica A.","family":"Cochrane","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA"},{"name":"Institute for Diabetes and Organoid Technology, Helmholtz 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