{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"institution":[{"name":"bioRxiv"}],"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T15:51:50Z","timestamp":1774367510377,"version":"3.50.1"},"posted":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]]},"group-title":"Genomics","reference-count":33,"publisher":"openRxiv","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773964800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.biorxiv.org\/about\/FAQ#license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","award":["2023.17326.ICDT"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023.17326.ICDT"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","award":["PTDC\/BIA-COM\/31956\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTDC\/BIA-COM\/31956\/2017"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e Tecnologia","award":["UID\/6357\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UID\/6357\/2023"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                <jats:p>The zebrafish forebrain is a central hub for cognitive and social behaviors, yet a comprehensive, region-specific DNA methylation reference for this tissue is not available. To address this gap, we generated a genome-wide methylation map of the adult zebrafish forebrain using Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) long-read sequencing. Forebrains from six individuals were profiled, enabling direct detection of multiple DNA base modifications at single-base resolution. The resulting dataset includes CpG-associated 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), as well as non-CpG 5mC and N6-methyladenine (6mA), with 96.8% genome coverage. CpG methylation was widespread, with 64.2% of CpG sites classified as highly 5mC-modified. In contrast, 5hmC and non-CpG methylation were markedly less abundant, and 6mA was detected at very low levels. CpG islands showed a bimodal distribution of methylation, promoter regions displayed elevated variability compared to gene bodies, and CC-context non-CpG methylation exhibited significant strand asymmetry. This resource provides a high-resolution epigenomic baseline for the adult zebrafish forebrain.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.03.20.713102","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,21]],"date-time":"2026-03-21T08:00:23Z","timestamp":1774080023000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of the zebrafish forebrain"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"given":"Pol","family":"Sorigue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"GIMM - Gulbenkian Institute for Molecular Medicine, Rua Quinta Grande 6, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal"},{"name":"ISPA - University Institute for Psychological, Social and Life Sciences, Rua do Jardim do Tabaco 34, 1149-041 Lisbon, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Maeva","family":"Pinget","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GIMM - Gulbenkian Institute for Molecular Medicine, Rua Quinta Grande 6, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GIMM - Gulbenkian Institute for Molecular Medicine, Rua Quinta Grande 6, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Magda C.","family":"Teles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GIMM - Gulbenkian Institute for Molecular Medicine, Rua Quinta Grande 6, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Rui F.","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GIMM - Gulbenkian Institute for Molecular Medicine, Rua Quinta Grande 6, 2780-156 Oeiras, Portugal"},{"name":"ISPA - University Institute for Psychological, Social and Life Sciences, Rua do Jardim do Tabaco 34, 1149-041 Lisbon, Portugal"}]}],"member":"54368","reference":[{"key":"2026032407550803000_2026.03.20.713102v1.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1007\/s10071-021-01514-3","article-title":"Neural substrates involved in the cognitive information processing in teleost fish","volume":"24","year":"2021","journal-title":"Anim Cogn"},{"key":"2026032407550803000_2026.03.20.713102v1.2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2018.06.016"},{"key":"2026032407550803000_2026.03.20.713102v1.3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2939-20.2021"},{"key":"2026032407550803000_2026.03.20.713102v1.4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pinho, J. S. , Cunliffe, V. , Kareklas, K. , Petri, G. & Oliveira, R. F . Social and asocial learning in zebrafish are encoded by a shared brain network that is differentially modulated by local activation. Commun Biol 6, 633 (2023).","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-023-04999-5"},{"key":"2026032407550803000_2026.03.20.713102v1.5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Teles, M. C. , Almeida, O. , Lopes, J. S. & Oliveira, R. F . Social interactions elicit rapid shifts in functional connectivity in the social decision-making network of zebrafish. Proc. R. Soc. B. 282, 20151099 (2015).","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2015.1099"},{"key":"2026032407550803000_2026.03.20.713102v1.6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.106997"},{"key":"2026032407550803000_2026.03.20.713102v1.7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2019.04.001","article-title":"Epigenetic Regulation of the Social Brain","volume":"42","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends in Neurosciences"},{"key":"2026032407550803000_2026.03.20.713102v1.8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rustad, S. R. , Papale, L. A. & Alisch, R. S . DNA Methylation and Hydroxymethylation and Behavior. in Behavioral Neurogenomics vol. 42 (Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2019).","DOI":"10.1007\/7854_2019_104"},{"key":"2026032407550803000_2026.03.20.713102v1.9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Danoa, J. S. , Connelly, J. J. , Morris, J. P. & Perkeybile, A. M . 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