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We developed Methylation-associated Gene Expression (MaGE) predictors: whole-blood DNA methylation proxies of p14\n                  <jats:sup>ARF<\/jats:sup>\n                  , p16\n                  <jats:sup>INK4A<\/jats:sup>\n                  and p21\n                  <jats:sup>CIP1<\/jats:sup>\n                  expression, plus a composite score, providing the first scalable measure of senescence-marker expression. Deployed across Generation Scotland (n=18,859), MaGE yielded 45 Bonferroni-significant associations spanning 18 incident diseases and all-cause mortality. The two strongest associations recapitulated the established tissue specificity of p21\n                  <jats:sup>CIP1<\/jats:sup>\n                  and p16\n                  <jats:sup>INK4A<\/jats:sup>\n                  activation, with MaGE-p21 associating with incident alcoholic liver disease and MaGE-p16 with pulmonary fibrosis. In a separate study, MaGE tracked disease severity and treatment response in Crohn\u2019s disease. MaGE is a scalable, interpretable biomarker of senescence that enables its study at population scale and offers a route to patient stratification in senolytic trials.\n                <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.09.29.26364335","type":"posted-content","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T20:30:12Z","timestamp":1790886612000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Methylation-associated Gene Expression (MaGE): a non-invasive, in vivo measure of cellular senescence"],"prefix":"10.64898","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8431-7384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Simpson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, USA"},{"name":"Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester MN, 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