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We present a case of intestinal TB in a 3-mo-old immunosuppressed infant whose chief complaints were progressive abdominal distension and failure to thrive with features of intestinal obstruction and a diagnosis of GIT-TB confirmed on histology and culture. The resulting serious complications despite surgery included short bowel syndrome, enterocutaneous fistulae, and cholestasis necessitating the use of total parenteral nutrition and a modified parenteral TB treatment regimen. During the 2-mo stay in hospital, the patient developed irreversible liver failure and azotemia, eventually succumbing to these complications. This case highlights the importance of early recognition and treatment of GIT-TB to prevent adverse outcomes. Further, there is a need to investigate for immunodeficiency in such presentations, particularly in young infants. The challenges encountered by the clinicians underscore the importance of the development of World Health Organization guidelines on the specific management of GIT-TB.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.70962\/jhi.20250247","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T06:25:14Z","timestamp":1776839114000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70962\/jhi.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A case of gastrointestinal tuberculosis in a 3-mo-old infant with profound immunodeficiency"],"prefix":"10.70962","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2272-5761","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Christine","family":"Karanja-Chege","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05p2z3x69","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Kenyatta University 1 , Nairobi,","place":["Kenya"]},{"name":"Gertrude\u2019s Children\u2019s Hospital 2 , Nairobi,","place":["Kenya"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7564-232X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"David Mwakisha","family":"Mwashigadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gertrude\u2019s Children\u2019s Hospital 2 , Nairobi,","place":["Kenya"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1775-0583","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Joseph","family":"Mbuthia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gertrude\u2019s Children\u2019s Hospital 2 , Nairobi,","place":["Kenya"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Ngwatu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05p2z3x69","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Kenyatta University 1 , Nairobi,","place":["Kenya"]},{"name":"Gertrude\u2019s Children\u2019s Hospital 2 , Nairobi,","place":["Kenya"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-8837-8904","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jeremiah","family":"Kamwetu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gertrude\u2019s Children\u2019s Hospital 2 , Nairobi,","place":["Kenya"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/053sj8m08","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Kenyatta National Hospital 3 , Nairobi,","place":["Kenya"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4575-2447","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jacquie","family":"Oliwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Services Unit, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme 4 , Nairobi,","place":["Kenya"]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03xq4x896","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Institute of Tropical Medicine 5 Department of Public Health, , Antwerp,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"291","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026052111504447100_bib1","volume-title":"Global Tuberculosis Report 2024","author":"World Health Organisation","year":"2024"},{"key":"2026052111504447100_bib2","volume-title":"WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Tuberculosis","author":"World Health Organisation","year":"2024"},{"key":"2026052111504447100_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mpmed.2012.03.002","article-title":"Clinical tuberculosis","volume":"40","author":"Barker","year":"2012","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"2026052111504447100_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14831","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v20.i40.14831","article-title":"Abdominal tuberculosis of the gastrointestinal tract: Revisited","volume":"20","author":"Debi","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J. 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