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However, the prevalence of IFN-I NAbs in dengue virus (DENV) infection remains unclear. Here, we enrolled 216 hospitalized dengue patients in 2024, including 7 individuals with dengue shock syndrome (DSS) and 42 individuals with dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF). Utilizing a sensitive luciferase reporter assay, IFN-I NAbs were detected in 7 patients (14.3% of DSS\/DHF cases), and their neutralizing ability was further validated in DENV-infected cells. Notably, all NAb-positive patients exhibited plasma leakage tendency and cardiac injury and were significantly older than the overall cohort (75.34 vs. 50.75, P = 0.010). IFN-I NAbs were correlated with clinical parameters of myocardial injury and plasma leakage, with increased odds ratio (OR) for cardiac injury (OR = 22.8, P = 0.003) and hypoproteinemia (OR = 53.5, P = 0.001). These findings suggest that IFN-I NAbs may contribute to severe clinical manifestations of dengue, warranting validation in larger cohorts.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.70962\/jhi.20260072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T06:21:36Z","timestamp":1786515696000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.70962\/jhi.crossmarkpolicy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prevalence of neutralizing autoantibodies against type I interferon in dengue patients"],"prefix":"10.70962","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-4873-8714","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mengtian","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0534awx66","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}],"name":"Institute of Infectious Diseases, Guangzhou Eighth People\u2019s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University 1 , Guangzhou,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Clinical Pathogen 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