{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T18:13:36Z","timestamp":1769624016831,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"The Microbiological Society of Korea","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769817600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key Clinical Specialty Scientific Research Project","award":["Z2023054"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z2023054"]}]},{"name":"National Key Clinical Specialty Scientific Research Project","award":["Z2023029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z2023029"]}]},{"name":"Hunan Provincial Peoples Hospital Benevolence Foundation","award":["RS2022B03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS2022B03"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004735","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2024JJ9152"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024JJ9152"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004735","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respirology Project","award":["2019TP1043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019TP1043"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jmicrobiol.or.kr"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aims to examine the mechanism by which vitamin D mitigates bronchiolitis caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) through the regulation of RSV nonstructural protein 1 (NS1)-TUFM-mediated mitophagy in bronchial epithelial cells. Clinical serum and PBMC samples from RSV-infected children and healthy controls were analyzed for vitamin D, mitochondrial DNA, mitophagy markers (LC3, ATG5, VDAC1, TOMM20, and COXIV), TUFM, and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-\u03b1). In vitro, human bronchial epithelial cells Beas-2B were transfected with RSV-NS1 plasmid and TUFM silencing or overexpression constructs. Vitamin D (0.1\u201310 \u03bcM) was administered to evaluate mitophagy inhibition using Western blot, immunofluorescence, and JC-1 staining. NS1-TUFM interaction was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation. RSV-positive patients exhibited reduced serum vitamin D, elevated TUFM and mitophagy markers, impaired mitochondrial mass, and increased inflammation. Vitamin D inversely correlated with LC3 and TUFM. RSV-NS1 overexpression induced mitochondrial translocation of NS1, TUFM-dependent mitophagy activation, and mitochondrial dysfunction (JC-1 depolarization). Vitamin D (10 \u03bcM) suppressed mitophagy by redistributing NS1 to the cytosol and reducing mitochondrial TUFM. TUFM overexpression abolished the protective effects of vitamin D on mitophagy and inflammation. In conclusion, vitamin D inhibits mitophagy in bronchial epithelial cells infected with RSV by disrupting NS1-TUFM interaction, suggesting that the vitamin D-TUFM axis may serve as a potential therapeutic target.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.71150\/jm.2508009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T05:47:33Z","timestamp":1769579253000},"page":"e2508009","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.71150\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Vitamin D disrupts NS1-TUFM interaction to suppress pathogenic mitophagy in RSV-induced mitochondrial injury of bronchial epithelial 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