{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T08:48:01Z","timestamp":1782809281988,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"ECMS","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The railway systems used today are developing rapidly, overcoming the challenges of the age and meeting its demands. Initially powered by animals and then by steam engines, these vehicles have become an integral part of our lives and our economy. In the short and medium term, it has become the most economic form of transport and freight delivery. The system's high load capacity and speed have induced new failures on the track side.\n\nThe composition of the rails has changed, and stiffer, harder materials are used to withstand heavy loads. Under normal operating conditions, the increased load and the highly rigid wheel-rail contact on a small surface area create high stress peaks. These stress peaks pass cyclically through each cross-section, causing significant fatigue and resulting in the phenomenon known as head-check caused by rolling contact fatigue (RFC).\n\nDetection and monitoring of this phenomenon is not sufficiently accurate using current systems. The assessment of faults and damage is of paramount importance from an economic, track maintenance and operational safety perspective.\n\nAccurate measurements and data collection are necessary to better understand cracks and how they work. The correct construction of simulation models is extremely important in order to make accurate lifetime estimates. In addition to the model, its results must also be validated. Scheduled control measurements enable the continuous refinement of the model.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7148\/2026-0228","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T08:36:46Z","timestamp":1782808606000},"page":"228-234","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Difficulties and possible solutions in head-check crack detection"],"prefix":"10.7148","author":[{"given":"Levente Bela","family":"Zudor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter Tamas","family":"Zwierczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4144","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"event":{"name":"40th ECMS International Conference on Modelling and Simulation"},"container-title":["ECMS 2026 Proceedings edited by Filippo Sanfilippo, Florenc Demrozi, Fabio Sgarbossa, Mohammad Poursina"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T08:36:54Z","timestamp":1782808614000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scs-europe.net\/dlib\/2026\/ecms2026acceptedpapers\/0228_fdem_ecms2026_0076.pdf"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7148\/2026-0228","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]}}}