{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T19:03:56Z","timestamp":1782846236725,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"ECMS","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The integration of large language models (LLMs) into virtual reality (VR) medical simulation offers a promising direction for healthcare education, yet real-time responsiveness and medical accuracy remain critical challenges. This paper proposes an architecture for an LLM-powered virtual assistant in an anaphylactic shock VR training scenario, combining various optimization methods. The existing system is evaluated through a controlled experiment with nursing, medical, and midwifery students, who complete both a scripted and an AI-driven version of an anaphylaxis scenario. Biometric data, including EEG, ECG, and PPG biometric signals alongside questionnaires, are collected to assess immersion, stress response, and learning experience. Across the evaluated IPQ scales, scores were closely matched suggesting that the AI-driven simulation maintained a comparable level of presence to the scripted version.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7148\/2026-0852","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T18:08:43Z","timestamp":1782842923000},"page":"852-858","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Integrating vr and llms for immersive medical training: anaphylactic shock simulation"],"prefix":"10.7148","author":[{"given":"Patrikas","family":"Armalis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aukse","family":"Vaitkute","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lukas","family":"Paulauskas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ugne","family":"Auksoraityte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evelina","family":"Aluzaite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4144","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"event":{"name":"40th ECMS International Conference on Modelling and Simulation"},"container-title":["ECMS 2026 Proceedings edited by Filippo Sanfilippo, Florenc Demrozi, Fabio Sgarbossa, Mohammad Poursina"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T18:08:51Z","timestamp":1782842931000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.scs-europe.net\/dlib\/2026\/ecms2026acceptedpapers\/0852_sstmsv_ecms2026_0100.pdf"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7148\/2026-0852","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]}}}