{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T05:03:32Z","timestamp":1754111012342,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Korean Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,20]],"date-time":"2024-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708387200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["e-acfs.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Arch Craniofac Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The pathogenesis of orofacial cleft (OFC) is multifactorial, involving both genetic and non-genetic factors, the latter of which play a key role in the development of these anomalies. This paper addresses the incidence of OFC in Indonesia, with a focus on identifying and examining the distribution of contributory factors, including parental medical history, pregnancy history, and environmental influences.Methods: The study was conducted through the collection of primary data. An interdisciplinary research team from Indonesia administered a standardized questionnaire to parents who had children with OFC and who had provided informed consent. The case group comprised 133 children born with cleft lip and\/or palate, and the control was 133 noncleft children born full-term. The risk factors associated with OFC anomalies were analyzed using the chi-square test and logistic regression. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 25. A p-value of 0.05 or less was considered to indicate statistical significance.Results: The study comprised 138 children, of whom 82 were boys (59.4%) and 56 were girls (40.6%). Among them, 45 patients (32.6%) presented with both cleft lip and cleft palate, 25 individuals (18.1%) had a cleft palate only, and 28 patients (20.3%) had a cleft lip only. OFC was found to be significantly associated with a maternal family history of congenital birth defects (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt;&lt; 0.05), complications during the first trimester (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt;&lt; 0.05), consumption of local fish (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt;&lt; 0.05), caffeine intake (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt;&lt; 0.05), prolonged medication use (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt;&lt; 0.05), immunization history (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt;&lt; 0.05), passive smoking (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt;&lt; 0.05), and X-ray exposure during pregnancy (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;\/i&gt;&lt; 0.05).Conclusion: The findings indicate close relationships between the incidence of OFC and maternal medical history, prenatal factors, and environmental influences.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7181\/acfs.2023.00521","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,28]],"date-time":"2024-02-28T00:14:33Z","timestamp":1709079273000},"page":"11-16","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7181\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Distribution of maternal risk factors for orofacial cleft in infants in Indonesia: a multicenter prospective study"],"prefix":"10.7181","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4186-7968","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andi","family":"Tajrin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0943-4000","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"M.","family":"Ruslin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6679-8885","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Muh. 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