{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,5]],"date-time":"2022-10-05T04:44:47Z","timestamp":1664945087901},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"South African Medical Association NPC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,4]],"date-time":"2022-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664841600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Afr J Thoracic Crit Care Med"],"abstract":"<jats:p>&#x0D;\n&#x0D;\n&#x0D;\n&#x0D;\nMethotrexate, an immunomodulatory agent used for a wide variety of indications, can cause pulmonary toxicity in the form of pneumonitis, organising pneumonia, pulmonary fibrosis, pleural effusion, pulmonary infections or lymphoproliferative disease. We report a case of methotrexate pneumonitis in a patient with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. The diagnosis of methotrexate pneumonitis is challenging, as the signs and symptoms can be caused by intercurrent infection, concomitant medications or an underlying disease condition. A high index of suspicion is required for diagnosis. Management consists of drug discontinuation and steroids in patients with respiratory failure.&#x0D;\n&#x0D;\n&#x0D;\n&#x0D;\n<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7196\/ajtccm.2022.v28i3.254","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,5]],"date-time":"2022-10-05T04:15:22Z","timestamp":1664943322000},"page":"133-134","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cases"],"prefix":"10.7196","author":[{"given":"M","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K K","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Deokar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Bharti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"4425","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"4371","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jakubovic BD, Donovan A, Webster PM, Shear NH. Methotrexate-induced pulmonary toxicity. Can Respir J 2013;20(3):153-155. https:\/\/doi. org\/10.1155\/2013\/527912","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/527912"},{"key":"4372","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chhabra P, Law AD, Suri V, Malhotra P, Varma S. Methotrexate induced lung injury in a patient with primary CNS lymphoma: A case report. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2012;4(1):e2012020. https:\/\/doi. org\/10.4084\/MJHID.2012.020","DOI":"10.4084\/mjhid.2012.020"},{"key":"4373","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Salehi M, Miller R, Khaing M. Methotrexate-induced hypersensitivity pneumonitis appearing after 30 years of use: A case report. J Med Case Rep 2017;11(1):174. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13256-017-1333-0","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256-017-1333-0"},{"key":"4374","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Imokawa S, Colby TV, Leslie KO, Helmers RA. Methotrexate pneumonitis: Review of the literature and histopathological findings in nine patients. Eur Respir J 2000;15(2):373-381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1034\/ j.1399-3003.2000.15b25.x","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-3003.2000.15b25.x"},{"key":"4375","unstructured":"SearlesG,McKendryRJ.Methotrexatepneumonitisin rheumatoid arthritis: Potential risk factors. Four case reports and a review of the literature. J Rheumatol 1987;14(6):1164-1171."},{"key":"4376","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barrera P, Laan RFJM, van Reil PLCM, Dekhuijen PNR, Boerbooms AMTh, van de Putte LBA. Methotrexate related pulmonary complications in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 1994;53(7):434- 439. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/ard.53.7.434","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.53.7.434"},{"key":"4377","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gillespie AM, Lorigan PC, Radstone CR, Waterhouse JC, Coleman RE, Hancock BW. Pulmonary function in patients with trophoblastic disease treated with low-dose methotrexate. 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