{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T01:24:51Z","timestamp":1771637091188,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Central neuropathic pain is a severely disabling consequence of conditions that cause tissue damage in the central nervous system. It is often refractory to treatments commonly used for peripheral neuropathy. Scrambler therapy is an emerging noninvasive pain-modifying technique that uses transcutaneous electrical stimulation of nociceptive fibers with the intent of reorganizing maladaptive signaling pathways. It has been examined for the treatment of peripheral neuropathy with favorable safety and efficacy outcomes, but its application to central neuropathic pain has not been reported in transverse myelitis. We describe the use of Scrambler therapy in a patient with persistent central neuropathic pain due to transverse myelitis. The patient had tried multiple drugs for treatment of the pain, but they were not effective or caused adverse effects. After a course of Scrambler therapy, pain scores improved considerably more than what was reported with previous pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions. This case supports further investigation of Scrambler therapy in multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, and other immune-mediated disorders that damage the central nervous system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7224\/1537-2073.2017-083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,7]],"date-time":"2018-08-07T11:20:15Z","timestamp":1533640815000},"page":"76-80","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Case Report: Scrambler Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Central Neuropathic Pain in a Patient with Transverse Myelitis"],"prefix":"10.7224","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Maureen A.","family":"Mealy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott D.","family":"Newsome","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sharon L.","family":"Kozachik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Levy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas J.","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"4242","reference":[{"key":"2020060300350213800_i1537-2073-21-2-76-b1","first-page":"121","article-title":"Immune-mediated myelopathies","volume":"21","author":"Greenberg","year":"2015","journal-title":"Continuum (Minneap Minn)"},{"key":"2020060300350213800_i1537-2073-21-2-76-b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.f7656","article-title":"Neuropathic pain: mechanisms and their clinical implications","volume":"348","author":"Cohen","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2020060300350213800_i1537-2073-21-2-76-b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2007.08.033","article-title":"Pharmacologic management of neuropathic pain: evidence-based recommendations","volume":"132","author":"Dworkin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"2020060300350213800_i1537-2073-21-2-76-b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2012.768","article-title":"Association of neuromyelitis optica with severe and intractable pain","volume":"69","author":"Qian","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"2020060300350213800_i1537-2073-21-2-76-b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0071500","article-title":"The major brain endocannabinoid 2-AG controls neuropathic pain and mechanical hyperalgesia in patients with neuromyelitis optica","volume":"8","author":"Pellkofer","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2020060300350213800_i1537-2073-21-2-76-b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.3109\/15360288.2013.847519","article-title":"A trial of Scrambler therapy in the treatment of cancer pain syndromes and chronic chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy","volume":"27","author":"Coyne","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Pain Palliat Care Pharmacother"},{"key":"2020060300350213800_i1537-2073-21-2-76-b7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2807","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-016-3177-3","article-title":"Scrambler Therapy for the management of chronic pain","volume":"24","author":"Majithia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"key":"2020060300350213800_i1537-2073-21-2-76-b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.59.4.499","article-title":"Proposed diagnostic criteria and nosology of acute transverse myelitis","volume":"59","author":"Transverse Myelitis Consortium Working Group","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2020060300350213800_i1537-2073-21-2-76-b9","article-title":"501(k) summary for the Competitive Technologies, Inc. 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