{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T05:30:32Z","timestamp":1773811832455,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Restless legs syndrome (RLS) frequency, and its association with depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, and fatigue, has not been previously studied in Latin American patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). We aimed to assess RLS frequency in patients with MS living in Argentina and to examine potential associations with depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A cross-sectional study (n = 427) was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire, including International RLS Study Group criteria, to compare RLS frequency in patients with MS versus controls. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Fatigue Severity Scale were administered to all participants. Insomnia, excessive daytime somnolence, and other risk factors in patients with MS with RLS were analyzed using logistic regression.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We included 189 patients with definite MS and 238 controls. The RLS frequency was 29.1% in patients with MS versus 13.0% in controls (odds ratio [OR] = 2.74, P = .00005). Moreover, clinically significant RLS (csRLS; ie, symptoms present \u22652 days per week) frequency was 19.4% in patients with MS versus 4.2% in controls (OR = 5.37, P &amp;lt; .00001). Longer MS duration and presence of anxiety, depression, insomnia, and smoking cigarettes were all significantly associated with RLS. Multivariate analysis showed that anxiety and fatigue were significantly associated with MS with RLS and MS with csRLS.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Both RLS and csRLS showed strong association with MS, supporting the need to screen for anxiety\/depression, sleep quality, and fatigue in this patient population. We believe that identifying the presence and severity of these conditions would contribute to better MS management and treatment.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.7224\/1537-2073.2018-009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,13]],"date-time":"2018-09-13T13:35:57Z","timestamp":1536845757000},"page":"157-165","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Impact, Frequency, and Severity of Restless Legs Syndrome in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis in Argentina"],"prefix":"10.7224","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Edgar","family":"Carnero Contentti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pablo A.","family":"L\u00f3pez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Debora","family":"Nadur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Eugenia","family":"Balbuena","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana Mariel","family":"Finkelstein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ver\u00f3nica","family":"Tkachuk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"4242","reference":[{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/S1389-9457(03)00010-8","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome: diagnostic criteria, special considerations and epidemiology: a report from the Restless Legs Syndrome Diagnosis and Epidemiology Workshop at the National Institutes of Health","volume":"4","author":"Allen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2014.10.002","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome in multiple sclerosis","volume":"22","author":"Sieminski","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/S1389-9457(02)00193-4","article-title":"Validation of the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group rating scale for restless legs syndrome","volume":"4","author":"Allen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2014.03.025","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome\/Willis-Ekbom disease diagnostic criteria: updated International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) consensus criteria: history, rationale, description, and significance","volume":"15","author":"Allen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22366","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2010 revisions to the McDonald criteria","volume":"69","author":"Polman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2016.07.007","article-title":"Increasing prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Buenos Aires, Argentina","volume":"9","author":"Cristiano","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mult Scler Relat Dis"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b7","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis epidemiology in Latin America: an updated survey","volume":"3","author":"Cristiano","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mult Scler J Exp Transl Clin"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.46.4.907","article-title":"Defining the clinical course of multiple sclerosis: results of an international survey. National Multiple Sclerosis Society (USA) Advisory Committee on Clinical Trials of New Agents in Multiple Sclerosis","volume":"46","author":"Lublin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.1102","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome in an Asian population: a study in Singapore","volume":"16","author":"Tan","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2004.03.006","article-title":"Impact, diagnosis and treatment of restless legs syndrome in a primary care population: the REST (RLS epidemiology, symptoms and treatment) primary care study","volume":"5","author":"Hening","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b11","first-page":"1211","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome and sleep bruxism: prevalence and association among Canadians","volume":"1","author":"Lavigne","year":"1994","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000168910.48309.4a","article-title":"Epidemiology of restless legs syndrome in French adults","volume":"65","author":"Tison","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000184519.47689.c4","article-title":"Increased frequency of restless legs syndrome in a French-Canadian population with multiple sclerosis","volume":"65","author":"Auger","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458506074644","article-title":"Prevalence of restless legs syndrome and REM sleep behavior disorder in multiple sclerosis","volume":"13","author":"Gomez-Choco","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.2004.00257.x","article-title":"Factors influencing quality of life in multiple sclerosis patients: disability, depressive mood, fatigue and sleep quality","volume":"110","author":"Lobentanz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1518","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458509347150","article-title":"Validation of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale for use with multiple sclerosis patients","volume":"15","author":"Honarmand","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.7224\/1537-2073.2014-046","article-title":"Fatigue, sleep quality, and disability in relation to quality of life in multiple sclerosis","volume":"17","author":"Tabrizi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J MS Care"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b18","first-page":"1","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome in multiple sclerosis patients: a contributing factor for fatigue, impaired functional capacity, and diminished health-related quality of life","volume":"26","author":"Giannaki","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurol Res"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.7224\/1537-2073.2015-013","article-title":"Associations between fatigue and disability, functional mobility, depression, and quality of life in people with multiple sclerosis","volume":"18","author":"Garg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J MS Care"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2008.11.012","article-title":"Prevalence of restless legs syndrome: a community-based study from Argentina","volume":"15","author":"Persi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2008.09.015","article-title":"The four diagnostic criteria for restless legs syndrome are unable to exclude confounding conditions (mimics)","volume":"10","author":"Hening","year":"2009","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x","article-title":"The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale","volume":"67","author":"Zigmond","year":"1983","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1989.00520460115022","article-title":"The Fatigue Severity Scale: application to patients with multiple sclerosis and systemic lupus erythematosus","volume":"46","author":"Krupp","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep\/31.7.944","article-title":"Multicenter case-control study on restless legs syndrome in multiple sclerosis: the REMS study","volume":"31","author":"Manconi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2012.03873.x","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis and restless legs syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Sch\u00fcrks","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-282X2011000200007","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome and multiple sclerosis: a Brazilian multicenter study and meta-analysis of the literature","volume":"69","author":"Fragoso","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arq Neuropsiquiatr"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-879X2008001000017","article-title":"Restless leg syndrome, sleep quality and fatigue in multiple sclerosis patients","volume":"41","author":"Moreira","year":"2008","journal-title":"Braz J Med Biol Res"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1177\/1756285615605698","article-title":"A practical approach to the diagnosis and management of sleep disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis","volume":"8","author":"Braley","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ther Adv Neurol Disord"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2007.01740.x","article-title":"High prevalence of restless legs syndrome in multiple sclerosis","volume":"14","author":"Manconi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1336","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002542","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome associated with major diseases: a systematic review and new concept","volume":"86","author":"Trenkwalder","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2323","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.163.19.2323","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome symptoms in primary care: a prevalence study","volume":"163","author":"Nichols","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"issue":"suppl 2","key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b32","first-page":"S189","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome in Iranian multiple sclerosis patients: a case-control study","volume":"4","author":"Shaygannejad","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Prev Med"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000223316.53428.c9","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome: revisiting the dopamine hypothesis from the spinal cord perspective","volume":"67","author":"Clemens","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2016.12.013","article-title":"Higher prevalence of restless legs syndrome\/Willis-Ekbom disease in multiple sclerosis patients is related to spinal cord lesions","volume":"12","author":"Min\u00e1r","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mult Scler Relat Disord"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458507080734","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome is a common finding in multiple sclerosis and correlates with cervical cord damage","volume":"14","author":"Manconi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1018","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.12409","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome and multiple sclerosis: a population based case-control study in Catania, Sicily","volume":"22","author":"Bruno","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1856","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000454","article-title":"Peripheral hypoxia in restless legs syndrome (Willis-Ekbom disease)","volume":"82","author":"Salminen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1159\/000327315","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome in multiple sclerosis","volume":"65","author":"Aydar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur Neurol"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b39","article-title":"Fatigue, tiredness, lack of energy, and sleepiness in multiple sclerosis patients referred for clinical polysomnography","volume":"2012","author":"Braley","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mult Scler Int"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22431","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome in multiple sclerosis: a case\u2013control study","volume":"24","author":"Deriu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurol.2008.06.001","article-title":"High prevalence of restless legs syndrome in multiple sclerosis [in French]","volume":"165","author":"Douay","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rev Neurol (Paris)"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2012.03.012","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome in Czech patients with multiple sclerosis: an epidemiological and genetic study","volume":"13","author":"Vavrova","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1500","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182553c5b","article-title":"Association of multiple sclerosis with restless legs syndrome and other sleep disorders in women","volume":"78","author":"Li","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-012-1186-7","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome in Iranian patients with multiple sclerosis","volume":"34","author":"Miri","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.4044","article-title":"The underdiagnosis of sleep disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis","volume":"10","author":"Brass","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.4702","article-title":"Sleep disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis","volume":"11","author":"\u010carnick\u00e1","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Sleep Med"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.02.529","article-title":"High false-positive rate of questionnaire-based restless legs syndrome diagnosis in multiple sclerosis","volume":"16","author":"Mery","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-015-1201-3","article-title":"Restless leg syndrome and multiple sclerosis: a case-control study in China","volume":"19","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sleep Breath"},{"key":"2020060300341679100_i1537-2073-21-4-157-b49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.3906\/sag-1401-19","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome in multiple sclerosis","volume":"45","author":"Sorgun","year":"2015","journal-title":"Turk J Med Sci"}],"container-title":["International Journal of MS Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/ijmsc\/article-pdf\/21\/4\/157\/2436538\/1537-2073_2018-009.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/ijmsc\/article-pdf\/21\/4\/157\/2436538\/1537-2073_2018-009.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,17]],"date-time":"2025-07-17T21:12:54Z","timestamp":1752786774000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ijmsc.org\/view\/impact-frequency-and-severity-of-restless-legs-syndrome-in-patients-with-multiple-sclerosis-in-argentina"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7224\/1537-2073.2018-009","relation":{},"ISSN":["1537-2073"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1537-2073","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]]}}}