{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T21:07:34Z","timestamp":1789420054148,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"American College of Physicians","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acpjournals.org\/journal\/aim\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ann Intern Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.7326\/annals-26-03002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T21:00:41Z","timestamp":1788814841000},"page":"ITC129-ITC144","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.7326","volume":"179","author":[{"given":"Timesh","family":"Pillay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University College London and Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2647-4688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Onn Min","family":"Kon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ajit","family":"Lalvani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"4285","reference":[{"key":"r1-ANNALS2603002","unstructured":"World Health Organization\n                      . Global Tuberculosis Report 2025. 2025."},{"key":"r2-ANNALS2603002","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\n                      . Reported Tuberculosis in the United States, 2024. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2025."},{"key":"r3-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268817003041"},{"key":"r4-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.13.0834"},{"key":"r5-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0041-3879(76)80006-2"},{"key":"r6-ANNALS2603002","first-page":"1","volume":"54","author":"Jensen PA","year":"2005","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"r7-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/513772"},{"key":"r8-ANNALS2603002","first-page":"517","volume":"34","author":"Kamat SR","year":"1966","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"r9-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciae199"},{"key":"r10-ANNALS2603002","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\n                      . Core Curriculum on Tuberculosis: What the Clinician Should Know. Seventh Edition. 2021."},{"key":"r11-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtldopen.25.0434"},{"key":"r12-ANNALS2603002","unstructured":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control\n                      . Programmatic Management of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in the European Union. 2018."},{"key":"r13-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30166-5"},{"key":"r14-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.161.supplement_3.ats600"},{"key":"r15-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(22)00031-7"},{"key":"r16-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2023.4899"},{"key":"r17-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00034-13"},{"key":"r18-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens12030500"},{"key":"r19-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw778"},{"key":"r20-ANNALS2603002","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\n                      . Latent Tuberculosis Infection: A Guide for Primary Health Care Providers. 2020."},{"key":"r21-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2017-211147"},{"key":"r22-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofad697"},{"key":"r23-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.14-2463"},{"key":"r24-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00089510"},{"key":"r25-ANNALS2603002","unstructured":"World Health Organization\n                      . Guidelines on the Management of Latent Tuberculosis Infection. 2015."},{"key":"r26-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2503.181596"},{"key":"r27-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.rr6901a1"},{"key":"r28-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2005.07.054"},{"key":"r29-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201909-1874ST"},{"key":"r30-ANNALS2603002","unstructured":"World Health Organization\n                      . WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Tuberculosis. Module 1: Prevention \u2013 Tuberculosis Preventive Treatment, Second Edition. 2024."},{"key":"r31-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-1076-0"},{"key":"r32-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa780"},{"key":"r33-ANNALS2603002","unstructured":"Gates Foundation\n                      . Wellcome and the Gates Foundation to Fund Late-Stage Development of a Tuberculosis M72 Vaccine Candidate That Could Be the First in 100 Years If Proven Effective. 28 June 2023. Accessed at https:\/\/www.gatesfoundation.org\/ideas\/media-center\/press-releases\/2023\/06\/funding-commitment-m72-tb-vaccine-candidate on 17 April 2026."},{"key":"r34-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3310\/hta17370"},{"key":"r35-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit790"},{"key":"r36-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001012"},{"key":"r37-ANNALS2603002","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\n                      . TB by Site of Disease: 2010\u20132024. Accessed at https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/tb-surveillance-report-2024\/data\/site-of-disease.html on 17 March 2026."},{"key":"r38-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bjro\/tzae031"},{"key":"r39-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijmy.ijmy_207_19"},{"key":"r40-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(25)00364-0"},{"key":"r41-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.TNMI7-0046-2017"},{"key":"r42-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.TNMI7-0014-2016"},{"key":"r43-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.TNMI7-0015-2016"},{"key":"r44-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2308181"},{"key":"r45-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-011-1485-6"},{"key":"r46-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax-2023-220647"},{"key":"r47-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/20734735.0143-2023"},{"key":"r48-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(12)70232-3"},{"key":"r49-ANNALS2603002","first-page":"1024","volume":"14","author":"Chihota VN","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"r50-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD009593.pub2"},{"key":"r51-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30691-6"},{"key":"r52-ANNALS2603002","unstructured":"World Health Organization\n                      . WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Tuberculosis. Module 3: Diagnosis \u2013 Rapid Diagnostics for Tuberculosis Detection, Third Edition. 2024."},{"key":"r53-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(15)00062-6"},{"key":"r54-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/23.1.146"},{"key":"r55-ANNALS2603002","unstructured":"World Health Organization\n                      . Treatment of Tuberculosis: Guideline. 4th Edition. 2010."},{"key":"r56-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)02479-6"},{"key":"r57-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2033400"},{"key":"r58-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2104535"},{"key":"r59-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw376"},{"key":"r60-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2014.01.010"},{"key":"r61-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-018-0224-2"},{"key":"r62-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2003.019224"},{"key":"r63-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis630"},{"key":"r64-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e32833dfc68"},{"key":"r65-ANNALS2603002","unstructured":"World Health Organization\n                      . Consolidated Guidelines on HIV Prevention, Testing, Treatment, Service Delivery and Monitoring: Recommendations for a Public Health Approach. 2021."},{"key":"r66-ANNALS2603002","unstructured":"World Health Organization\n                      . WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Tuberculosis. Module 4: Treatment \u2013 Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment, 2022 Update. 2022."},{"key":"r67-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjresp-2025-003861"},{"key":"r68-ANNALS2603002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(24)00429-6"}],"container-title":["Annals of Internal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.acpjournals.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.7326\/ANNALS-26-03002","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.acpjournals.org\/doi\/full-xml\/10.7326\/ANNALS-26-03002","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T21:01:36Z","timestamp":1789419696000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.acpjournals.org\/doi\/10.7326\/ANNALS-26-03002"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.7326\/ANNALS-26-03002"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/annals-26-03002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-4819","1539-3704"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-4819","type":"print"},{"value":"1539-3704","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}}}