{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T22:26:59Z","timestamp":1790634419372,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,24]],"date-time":"2013-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1366761600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":113,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006338","name":"Flemish Interuniversity Council (VLIR)","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006338","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Flemish Scientific Research Fund (FWO)"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010503","name":"Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA)","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010503","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of the International AIDS Society"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>A decreased frequency of unprotected sex during episodes of concurrent relationships may dramatically reduce the role of concurrency in accelerating the spread of HIV. Such a decrease could be the result of coital dilution \u2013 the reduction in per\u2010partner coital frequency from additional partners \u2013 and\/or increased condom use during concurrency. To study the effect of concurrency on the frequency of unprotected sex, we examined sexual behaviour data from three communities with high HIV prevalence around Cape Town, South Africa.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a cross\u2010sectional survey from June 2011 to February 2012 using audio computer\u2010assisted self\u2010interviewing to reconstruct one\u2010year sexual histories, with a focus on coital frequency and condom use. Participants were randomly sampled from a previous TB and HIV prevalence survey. Mixed effects logistic and Poisson regression models were fitted to data from 527 sexually active adults reporting on 1210 relationship episodes to evaluate the effect of concurrency status on consistent condom use and coital frequency.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The median of the per\u2010partner weekly average coital frequency was 2 (IQR: 1\u20133), and consistent condom use was reported for 36% of the relationship episodes. Neither per\u2010partner coital frequency nor consistent condom use changed significantly during episodes of concurrency (aIRR=1.05; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.99\u20131.24 and aOR=1.01; 95% CI: 0.38\u20132.68, respectively). Being male, coloured, having a tertiary education, and having a relationship between 2 weeks and 9 months were associated with higher coital frequencies. Being coloured, and having a relationship lasting for more than 9 months, was associated with inconsistent condom use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found no evidence for coital dilution or for increased condom use during concurrent relationship episodes in three communities around Cape Town with high HIV prevalence. Given the low levels of self\u2010reported consistent condom use, our findings suggest that if the frequency of unprotected sex with each of the sexual partners is sustained during concurrent relationships, HIV\u2010positive individuals with concurrent partners may disproportionately contribute to onward HIV transmission.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.7448\/ias.16.1.18034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,24]],"date-time":"2013-04-24T11:33:49Z","timestamp":1366803229000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Coital frequency and condom use in monogamous and concurrent sexual relationships in Cape Town, South Africa"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Wim","family":"Delva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roxanne","family":"Beauclair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nele","family":"Deprez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marleen","family":"Temmerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Welte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niel","family":"Hens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)62040-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-010-9858-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1758-2652-14-33"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0014092"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-009-9583-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200105040-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-11-651"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","volume-title":"DHS 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