{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T17:54:04Z","timestamp":1791222844095,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,19]],"date-time":"2014-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1408406400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":230,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001117","name":"amfAR, The Foundation for AIDS Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001117","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007729","name":"Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007729","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of the International AIDS Society"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>First\u2010line antiretroviral therapy (ART) failure often results from the development of resistance\u2010associated mutations (RAMs). Three patterns, including thymidine analogue mutations (TAMs), 69 Insertion (69Ins) and the Q151M complex, are associated with resistance to multiple\u2010nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and may compromise treatment options for second\u2010line ART.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We investigated patterns and factors associated with multi\u2010NRTI RAMs at first\u2010line failure in patients from The TREAT Asia Studies to Evaluate Resistance \u2013 Monitoring study (TASER\u2010M), and evaluated their impact on virological responses at 12 months after switching to second\u2010line ART. RAMs were compared with the IAS\u2010USA 2013 mutations list. We defined multi\u2010NRTI RAMs as the presence of either Q151M; 69Ins; \u22652 TAMs; or M184V+\u22651 TAM. Virological suppression was defined as viral load (VL) &lt;400 copies\/ml at 12 months from switch to second\u2010line. Logistic regression was used to analyze (1) factors associated with multi\u2010NRTI RAMs at first\u2010line failure and (2) factors associated with virological suppression after 12 months on second\u2010line.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 105 patients from 10 sites in Thailand, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Malaysia and Philippines were included. There were 97\/105 (92%) patients harbouring \u22651 RAMs at first\u2010line failure, 39\/105 with multi\u2010NRTI RAMs: six with Q151M; 24 with \u22652 TAMs; and 32 with M184V+\u22651 TAM. Factors associated with multi\u2010NRTI RAMs were CD4 \u2264200 cells\/\u00b5L at genotyping (OR=4.43, 95% CI [1.59\u201312.37], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>=0.004) and ART duration &gt;2 years (OR=6.25, 95% CI [2.39\u201316.36], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt;0.001). Among 87\/105 patients with available VL at 12 months after switch to second\u2010line ART, virological suppression was achieved in 85%. The median genotypic susceptibility score (GSS) for the second\u2010line regimen was 2.00. Patients with ART adherence \u226595% were more likely to be virologically suppressed (OR=9.33, 95% CI (2.43\u201335.81), <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>=0.001). Measures of patient resistance to second\u2010line ART, including the GSS, were not significantly associated with virological outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Multi\u2010NRTI RAMs at first\u2010line failure were associated with low CD4 level and longer duration of ART. With many patients switching to highly susceptible regimens, good adherence was still crucial in achieving virological response. This emphasizes the importance of continued adherence counselling well into second\u2010line therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.7448\/ias.17.1.19053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,19]],"date-time":"2014-08-19T07:25:46Z","timestamp":1408433146000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["HIV multi\u2010drug resistance at first\u2010line antiretroviral failure and subsequent virological response in Asia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Awachana","family":"Jiamsakul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Somnuek","family":"Sungkanuparph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Law","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rami","family":"Kantor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jutarat","family":"Praparattanapan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick CK","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Praphan","family":"Phanuphak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tuti","family":"Merati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Winai","family":"Ratanasuwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher KC","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rossana","family":"Ditangco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahiran","family":"Mustafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thida","family":"Singtoroj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sasisopin","family":"Kiertiburanakul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the TREAT Asia Studies to Evaluate Resistance \u2013 Monitoring Study (TASER\u2010M)","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/COH.0b013e3283139147"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis254"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/587109"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-6405-11-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7448\/IAS.15.2.17985"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/ijsa.2011.011337"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1310\/hct1401-34"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.21609"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1545109711421217"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","first-page":"6","article-title":"Update of the drug resistance mutations in HIV\u20101: March 2013","volume":"21","author":"Johnson VA","year":"2013","journal-title":"Top Antivir Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","first-page":"67","article-title":"HIV\u20101 drug resistance mutations: an updated framework for the second decade of HAART","volume":"10","author":"Shafer RW","year":"2008","journal-title":"AIDS Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/157016212803901356"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3851\/IMP1683"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2011.0136"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Consolidated guidelines on the use of antiretroviral drugs for treatment and preventing HIV infection [Internet].2013[cited 2014 Jan 8]. Available from:http:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/10665\/85321\/1\/9789241505727_eng.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyq192"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2009.03.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7448\/IAS.16.1.18580"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/503914"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bti607"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkp455"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0011505"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","volume-title":"HIV testing, treatment and prevention: generic tools for operational research","author":"Obermeyer CM","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2007.0127"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkq384"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkp252"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","unstructured":"AntiRetroScan 2.x [Internet]. [cited 2014 May 7]. Available from:http:\/\/www.hivarca.net\/includeGenPub\/AntiRetroScan_2x.htm"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(1950)3:1<32::AID-CNCR2820030106>3.0.CO;2-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0064345"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7448\/IAS.16.1.18004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0073744"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e318227fc34"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3851\/IMP2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit733"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0072630"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dks310"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/135965350901400317"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0058526"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jit107"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jis261"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.980"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","unstructured":"Panel on Antiretroviral Guidelines for Adults and Adolescents.Guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents in HIV\u20101\u2010infected adults and adolescents.Department of Health and Human Services [Internet]. [cited 2014 Jan 8]. Available from:http:\/\/aidsinfo.nih.gov\/contentfiles\/lvguidelines\/AdultandAdolescentGL.pdf"}],"container-title":["Journal of the International AIDS Society"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.7448%2FIAS.17.1.19053","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.7448\/IAS.17.1.19053","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,10]],"date-time":"2024-10-10T14:21:54Z","timestamp":1728570114000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.7448\/IAS.17.1.19053"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.7448\/IAS.17.1.19053"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7448\/ias.17.1.19053","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1758-2652","1758-2652"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1758-2652","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-2652","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2014-02-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-06-20","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-08-19","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"19053"}}