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The mental wellbeing of YKPs is closely associated with biological predispositions and psychosocial factors related to YKPs\u2019 sexual and gender identities and socio\u2010economic status. The purpose of this paper is to highlight sources of risk and resilience, as well as identify treatment and supports for mental health disorders (MHDs) among YKPs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This paper utilizes Bronfenbrenner's Bioecological Systems Theory and the Social Stress Model to explore the risk and protective factors for MHDs across YKPs\u2019 ecological systems, and identify current gaps in treatment and support for MHDs among these youth. We emphasize the fluidity and intersections across these categorizations which reinforce the vulnerability of these populations, the lack of concrete data to inform mental health interventions among YKPs, and the need to ground YKP interventions and programmes with human rights principles stipulated in the convention on the rights of a child.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>We put forth recommendations for future research and strategies to address the mental wellbeing of YKPs, including the need for integrated interventions that address the multiplicity of risk factors inherent in the multiple group membership, rather than single\u2010focus interventions whilst addressing the unique needs or challenges of YKPs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.7448\/ias.18.2.19429","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,26]],"date-time":"2015-02-26T08:37:08Z","timestamp":1424939828000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Mental health and support among young key populations: an ecological approach to understanding and intervention"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Massy","family":"Mutumba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary W","family":"Harper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.300.5.520"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"689","article-title":"HIV surveillance \u2013 United States, 1981\u20132008","volume":"60","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","year":"2011","journal-title":"MMWR"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","unstructured":"UNICEF.Monitoring the situation of children and women.2014[cited 2014 Sep 15]. 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