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There are also young key populations (YKPs) that bear disproportionate burdens of HIV and are the most vulnerable, including young men who have sex with men (MSM), transgender youth, young people who inject drugs, and adolescent and young adult sex workers. As a society, we must do more to stop new HIV infections and untimely HIV\u2010related deaths through both primary and secondary prevention and better management approaches. Using an interwoven prevention and treatment cascade approach, the starting point for all interventions must be HIV counselling and testing. Subsequent interventions for both HIV\u2010negative and HIV\u2010positive youth must be \u201cadolescent\u2010centred,\u201d occur within the socio\u2010ecological context of young people and take advantage of the innovations and technologies that youth have easily incorporated into their daily lives. 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