{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T10:22:45Z","timestamp":1783506165053,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title\/>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We sought to assess the biomechanical characteristics of the feet of patients with Charcot neuro-osteoarthropathy and to determine reulceration rates before and after personalized conservative orthotic treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A longitudinal prospective study was performed in 35 patients with Charcot's foot. Although some patients had a history of ulcers, at the study outset no patient had ulcers. All of the patients underwent biomechanical testing and a radiographic study. A radiophotopodogram was prepared by superimposing an imprint of the sole on a plantar radiograph. Based on the results of these tests, an orthopedic insole was prepared and therapeutic footwear prescribed for each foot. The following variables were compared between the Charcot and unaffected feet: previous ulcers and ulcer sites, reulcerations produced after treatment, type of foot (neuropathic\/neuroischemic), ankle mobility, first-ray mobility, and relaxed calcaneal stance position. Treatment efficacy was determined by comparing ulcers presenting in patients in the year leading up to the study period and the year in which treatment was received.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In a 1-year period, 70 feet received orthotic treatment, of which 41 were Charcot's feet. Ulceration rates before the study were 73.2% in feet with Charcot's and 31.0% in those without. After 1 year of wearing the customized orthoses, rates fell significantly to 9.8% in the Charcot feet and 0% in the feet without this condition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Conservative customized orthotic treatment was effective at preventing ulcers and the complications that often lead these patients to surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.7547\/0003-0538-104.4.375","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,30]],"date-time":"2014-07-30T15:14:57Z","timestamp":1406733297000},"page":"375-382","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Personalized Orthoses as a Good Treatment Option for Charcot Neuro-osteoarthropathy of the Foot"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Maria Luz Gonz\u00e1lez","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosario Morales","family":"Lozano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen Mart\u00ednez","family":"Rinc\u00f3n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David Mart\u00ednez","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","reference":[{"key":"ref311","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S58","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.846","article-title":"Charcot neuro-osteoarthropathy-current standards","volume":"24","author":"Petrova","year":"2008","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"key":"ref461","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1986","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.166.18.1986","article-title":"Lower extremity nerve function in patients with lower extremity ischemia","volume":"166","author":"McDermott","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.7547\/87507315-92-4-210","article-title":"Evaluation and treatment of stage 0 Charcot's neuroarthropathy of the foot and ankle","volume":"92","author":"Yu","year":"2002","journal-title":"JAPMA"},{"key":"ref541","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(03)00374-5","article-title":"Effect of rocker soles on plantar pressures","volume":"85","author":"Brown","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"ref571","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1177\/107110078300400104","article-title":"Diabetic neuroarthropathy in the foot: patient characteristics and patterns of 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ankle","volume":"17","author":"van der Ven","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"ref271","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1259\/0007-1285-68-805-27","article-title":"Organized chaos? computed tomographic evaluation of the neuropathic diabetic foot","volume":"68","author":"Griffith","year":"1995","journal-title":"Br J Radiol"},{"key":"ref421","first-page":"3","author":"Eichenholtz","year":"1966","journal-title":"Charcot Joints"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdiacomp.2008.09.004","article-title":"Charcot arthropathy of the foot and ankle: modern concepts and management review","volume":"23","author":"Wukich","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Diabetes Complications"},{"key":"ref231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.4239\/wjd.v2.i5.59","article-title":"Charcot osteoarthropathy in diabetes: a brief review with an emphasis on clinical 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Charcot),\u201d","author":"Sanders","year":"2007","journal-title":"Levin and O'Neal's the Diabetic Foot,"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.5.1047","article-title":"Global prevalence of diabetes: estimates for the year 2000 and projections for 2030","volume":"27","author":"Wild","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1707","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2005.01677.x","article-title":"The perils of procrastination: effects of early vs. delayed detection and treatment of incipient Charcot fracture","volume":"22","author":"Chantelau","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/S0004-9514(14)60377-9","article-title":"Intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of a weight-bearing lunge measure of ankle dorsiflexion","volume":"44","author":"Bennell","year":"1998","journal-title":"Aust J 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diabetic foot ulcer","volume":"33","author":"Sohn","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60019-2","article-title":"International collaborative research on Charcot's disease","volume":"373","author":"Boulton","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref511","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2006.10.005","article-title":"The Foot Posture Index: Rasch analysis of a novel, foot-specific outcome measure","volume":"88","author":"Keenan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"ref141","first-page":"499","article-title":"Surgical treatment of peripheral circulation disorders","volume":"21","author":"Fontaine","year":"1954","journal-title":"Helv Chir Acta"},{"key":"ref551","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.7547\/87507315-91-10-501","article-title":"Reduction of peak pressure on the forefoot with a rigid 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Surg"},{"key":"ref241","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1177\/107110078300400104","article-title":"Diabetic neuroarthropathy in the foot: patient characteristics and patterns of radiographic change","volume":"4","author":"Cofield","year":"1983","journal-title":"Foot Ankle"},{"key":"ref611","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-002-0885-7","article-title":"Charcot neuroarthropathy in diabetes mellitus","volume":"45","author":"Rajbhandari","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"ref371","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200506000-00026","article-title":"How effective is intensive nonoperative initial treatment of patients with diabetes and Charcot arthropathy of the feet?","volume":"435","author":"Saltzman","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat 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