{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T20:56:00Z","timestamp":1792270560064,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JAPMA"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Fever is an active yet nonspecific response of the body to infections and other insults that cause immune cells to release cytokines, resulting in a brain prostanoid\u2013mediated rise in body temperature. The causes, types, clinical management, and postoperative consequences of fever are reviewed in this article. Physicians use fever as a clinical sign for diagnoses and prognoses, but \u201cfevers of unknown origin\u201d continue to be problematic. Fevers that arise 1 or 2 days after surgery are usually due to stress and trauma, but later postoperative fevers often have more serious causes and consequences, such as wound infection. Fever is commonly encountered by podiatric physicians and surgeons, and certain procedures with the lower extremity are more likely to eventuate in fever. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 100(4): 281\u2013290, 2010)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7547\/1000281","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]],"date-time":"2014-04-01T09:54:57Z","timestamp":1396346097000},"page":"281-290","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Fever\u2014An Update"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"100","member":"1968","reference":[{"key":"ref1901","first-page":"2457","article-title":"Febrile Seizures in Textbook of th Ed ed by RE Philadelphia","volume":"18","author":"Haslam","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref1871","article-title":"Symptoms in Philadelphia","author":"Tunnessen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Signs Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref2631","article-title":"febrile seizures information page National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke Web site Available at http www ninds nih gov disorders febrile seizures febrile seizures htm 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States Web site Available at http www mhaus org Accessed","volume":"28","author":"May","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref841","first-page":"856","article-title":"PA Benefits and Risks of Antipyretic in Molecular Mechanisms of ed by Kluger New York Academy of","author":"Mackowiak","year":"1998","journal-title":"Therapy Fever Sciences New York"},{"key":"ref2521","first-page":"181","article-title":"Considerations for Foot and Ankle in Comprehensive Textbook of Foot nd Ed ed by ED McGlamry AS MD","author":"Boegel","year":"1992","journal-title":"Surgery Surgery"},{"key":"ref1291","article-title":"Cells Online Pathfinder Encyclopedia Web site Available at http www copewithcytokines de Accessed","volume":"28","author":"Ibelgauf","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cytokines"},{"key":"ref2221","first-page":"1084","article-title":"Fever in Textbook of th ed by RE 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York Academy of","author":"Kozak","year":"1998","journal-title":"IL IL Cytokine Sciences New York"},{"key":"ref551","article-title":"Symptoms in Philadelphia","author":"Tunnessen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Signs Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"Fever University","author":"Cooper","year":"1995"},{"key":"ref251","first-page":"73","article-title":"CA Exogenous in Pyretics and ed by AS Verlag","author":"Dinarello","year":"1982"},{"key":"ref1131","first-page":"277","article-title":"Infections in Principles and Practice of ed by New York","author":"Joseph","year":"1990","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref1811","first-page":"215","article-title":"The Fever Pattern as a Diagnostic Aid in Fever : Basic Mechanisms and Management nd Ed ed by PA Mackowiak Philadelphia","author":"Woodward","year":"1997"},{"key":"ref1031","article-title":"MG Making Anesthesia Safer Unraveling the Malignant Hyperthermia Puzzle Federation of American Societies of Bethesda 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