{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T11:13:16Z","timestamp":1783509196970,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title\/>\n                  <jats:p>Perniosis, or chilblain, is an uncommon condition of the acral skin. Presented herein is a case report of a 65-year-old otherwise healthy construction worker with perniosis. He had a 3-year history of lesions on the fingers and toes brought on by cold, damp weather. On initial presentation, a biopsy sample was taken of a hallux lesion, and the patient was given a trial course of nifedipine therapy. Follow-up at 3 weeks showed complete relief of symptoms with nifedipine use, and the biopsy results confirmed the diagnosis. The etiology and pathogenesis of perniosis are reviewed. Differential diagnoses and treatment options are reviewed and discussed. Nifedipine therapy has been shown to be effective and should be considered the standard of care in the treatment of perniosis along with avoidance of cold, damp environments, with protection using gloves and warm socks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7547\/14-094","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,31]],"date-time":"2016-03-31T16:39:52Z","timestamp":1459442392000},"page":"138-140","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Perniosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Joseph S.","family":"Baker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Podiatric Medicine and Surgery Residency Program, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarnarendra","family":"Miranpuri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Podiatric Medicine and Surgery Residency Program, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","reference":[{"key":"ref181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.3109\/s10165-012-0768-9","article-title":"The capillaroscopic findings in idiopathic pernio: is it a microvascular disease?","volume":"23","author":"Ozmen","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mod Rheumatol"},{"key":"ref111","first-page":"209","article-title":"Diltiazem vs. nifedipine in chilblains: a clinical trial","volume":"69","author":"Patra","year":"2003","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol"},{"key":"ref121","article-title":"\u201cTreatment of Myocardial Ischemia and Hypertension,\u201d","author":"Michel","year":"2011","journal-title":"Goodman & Gilman's the Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics"},{"key":"ref161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/0190-9622(90)70209-Z","article-title":"Chilblains (perniosis)","volume":"23","author":"Goette","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Am Acad 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Dermatol"},{"key":"ref81","first-page":"1242","article-title":"Successful treatment of perniosis with hydroxychloroquine","volume":"9","author":"Yang","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Drugs Dermatol"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1989.tb07792.x","article-title":"The treatment of chilblains with nifedipine: the results of a pilot study, a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized study and a long-term open trial","volume":"120","author":"Rustin","year":"1989","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"ref141","article-title":"\u201cPerniosis,\u201d","author":"Dowd","year":"1998","journal-title":"Textbook of Dermatology"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1097\/DAD.0b013e3181af1d24","article-title":"Perniosis: clinical and histopathological analysis","volume":"32","author":"Boada","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Dermatopathol"},{"key":"ref261","article-title":"\u201cTreatment of 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