{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T11:14:19Z","timestamp":1783509259383,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"st1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ultrasonography has demonstrated a shortening of the distance between the origin of the nail plate and the base of the distal phalanx in retronychia. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical and ultrasonographic features of retronychia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st2\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We evaluated the clinical findings in 18 patients with retronychia, along with the ratio of ultrasonographic distance\n                      <jats:italic>a,<\/jats:italic>\n                      extending between the nail plate origin and the base of the distal phalanx, to distance\n                      <jats:italic>b,<\/jats:italic>\n                      perpendicular to distance\n                      <jats:italic>a,<\/jats:italic>\n                      extending between the nail plate origin and the upper margin of the distal phalanx.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st3\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Retronychia was present in 26 nails. The mean \u00b1 SD distance\n                      <jats:italic>a<\/jats:italic>\n                      was 7.66 \u00b1 1.64 mm and distance\n                      <jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>\n                      was 3.56 \u00b1 1.95 mm. The mean \u00b1 SD\n                      <jats:italic>a\/b<\/jats:italic>\n                      ratio was 2.59 \u00b1 1.11. There was a significant inverse correlation between\n                      <jats:italic>a\/b<\/jats:italic>\n                      ratio and clinical severity (Pearson correlation = \u20130.668;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .001). The cutoff value of this ratio was 3.319, with specificity of 90% and sensitivity of 69%.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st4\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The ratio of distance\n                      <jats:italic>a<\/jats:italic>\n                      \/distance\n                      <jats:italic>b<\/jats:italic>\n                      and the cutoff value of this ratio may help in making the diagnosis, in objectively determining the disease severity, and in selecting a patient-specific treatment approach.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.7547\/17-167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,30]],"date-time":"2020-09-30T17:42:39Z","timestamp":1601487759000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A Proposal for Determining a Diagnostic Cutoff Value of a New Ultrasonographic Index of Retronychia Inversely Correlating with Disease Severity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"Fatih","family":"G\u00f6ktay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Levent","family":"Soydan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emre","family":"Kaynak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nebahat Demet","family":"Akpolat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eckart","family":"Haneke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","reference":[{"issue":"(suppl 2)","key":"i8750-7315-110-4-Article_1-b01","series-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol","article-title":"Retronychia: proximal ingrowing nail","volume":"12","author":"de Berker","year":"1999","unstructured":"de Berker\n              DAR\n            \n            \n              Rendall\n              JRS:\n            \n          \n          Retronychia: proximal ingrowing nail.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol12(suppl 2):\n\t\t\t\t\tS126,1999."},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-4-Article_1-b02","series-title":"Dermatol Res Pract","first-page":"783924","article-title":"Controversies in the treatment of ingrown nails","volume":"2012","author":"Haneke","year":"2012","unstructured":"Haneke\n              E:\n            \n          \n          Controversies in the treatment of ingrown nails.\n\t\t\t\t\tDermatol Res Pract2012: 783924,\n\t\t\t\t\t2012.\n\t\t\t\t22675345"},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-4-Article_1-b03","series-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.13342","article-title":"\u201cRetronychia: clinical and pathophysiological aspects.\u201d","volume":"30","author":"Ventura","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ventura\n              F\n            \n            \n              Correia\n              O\n            \n            \n              Duarte\n              AF\n            \n            :\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          \u201cRetronychia: clinical and pathophysiological aspects.\u201d\n          J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol\n          30\n          : \n          16,\n\t\t\t\t\t2016.\n\t\t\t\t26435476http:\/\/gateway.webofknowledge.com\/gateway\/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000367683900003&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=b7bc2757938ac7a7a821505f8243d9f310.1111\/jdv.13342"},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-4-Article_1-b04","series-title":"Histopathology of the Nail Onychopathology","first-page":"143","article-title":"\u201cNail Specific Conditions,\u201d","author":"Haneke","year":"2017","unstructured":"Haneke\n              E:\n            \n          \n          \u201cNail Specific Conditions,\u201d\n          in\n          \n            Histopathology of the Nail Onychopathology\n          ,\n\t\t\t\t\tedited byHaneke,Ep143,\n\t\t\t\t\tCRC Press,\n\t\t\t\t\tTaylor & Francis Group LLC,\n\t\t\t\t\tBova Raton, FL,\n\t\t\t\t\t2017."},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-4-Article_1-b05","series-title":"JAPMA","first-page":"253","article-title":"Posttraumatic retronychia of the foot with clinical and ultrasound correlation","volume":"107","author":"Pizarro","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pizarro\n              M\n            \n            \n              Pieressa\n              N\n            \n            \n              Wortsman\n              X:\n            \n          \n          Posttraumatic retronychia of the foot with clinical and ultrasound correlation.\n\t\t\t\t\tJAPMA107: 253,\n\t\t\t\t\t2017."},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-4-Article_1-b06","series-title":"Dermatol Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1615","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.2010.01694.x","article-title":"Anatomical changes in retronychia and onychomadesis detected using ultrasound","volume":"36","author":"Wortsman","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wortsman\n              X\n            \n            \n              Wortsman\n              J\n            \n            \n              Guerrero\n              R\n            \n            :\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          Anatomical changes in retronychia and onychomadesis detected using ultrasound.\n\t\t\t\t\tDermatol Surg36: 1615,\n\t\t\t\t\t2010.\n\t\t\t\thttp:\/\/gateway.webofknowledge.com\/gateway\/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000282324800024&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=b7bc2757938ac7a7a821505f8243d9f32084049610.1111\/j.1524-4725.2010.01694.x"},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-4-Article_1-b07","series-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol 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French]","volume":"43","author":"Fouilloux","year":"2014","unstructured":"Fouilloux\n              B:\n            \n          \n          Retronychias [in French].\n\t\t\t\t\tPresse Med43: 1223,\n\t\t\t\t\t2014.\n\t\t\t\t25312853"},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-4-Article_1-b10","series-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2008.01.013","article-title":"Retronychia: proximal ingrowing of the nail plate","volume":"58","author":"de Berker","year":"2008","unstructured":"de Berker\n              DA\n            \n            \n              Richert\n              B\n            \n            \n              Duhard\n              E\n            \n            :\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          Retronychia: proximal ingrowing of the nail plate.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Am Acad Dermatol58: 978,\n\t\t\t\t\t2008.\n\t\t\t\thttp:\/\/gateway.webofknowledge.com\/gateway\/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000256055800007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=b7bc2757938ac7a7a821505f8243d9f31837501610.1016\/j.jaad.2008.01.013"},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-4-Article_1-b11","series-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2007.12.038","article-title":"Retronychia: report of two cases","volume":"58","author":"Dahdah","year":"2008","unstructured":"Dahdah\n              MJ\n            \n            \n              Kibbi\n              AG\n            \n            \n              Ghosn\n              S:\n            \n          \n          Retronychia: report of two cases.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Am Acad Dermatol58: 1051,\n\t\t\t\t\t2008.\n\t\t\t\t10.1016\/j.jaad.2007.12.03818313172http:\/\/gateway.webofknowledge.com\/gateway\/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000256055800020&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=b7bc2757938ac7a7a821505f8243d9f3"},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-4-Article_1-b12","series-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2013.09.029","article-title":"Retronychia in children, adolescents, and young adults: a case series","volume":"70","author":"Piraccini","year":"2014","unstructured":"Piraccini\n              BM\n            \n            \n              Richert\n              B\n            \n            \n              de Berker\n              DA\n            \n            :\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          Retronychia in children, adolescents, and young adults: a case series.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Am Acad Dermatol70: 388,\n\t\t\t\t\t2014.\n\t\t\t\t10.1016\/j.jaad.2013.09.029http:\/\/gateway.webofknowledge.com\/gateway\/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000329851500046&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=b7bc2757938ac7a7a821505f8243d9f3"},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-4-Article_1-b13","series-title":"Int J Dermatol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e51","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.12635","article-title":"Recognizing and treating retronychia","volume":"54","author":"Cabete","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cabete\n              J\n            \n            \n              Lencastre\n              A:\n            \n          \n          Recognizing and treating retronychia.\n\t\t\t\t\tInt J Dermatol54: e51,\n\t\t\t\t\t2015.\n\t\t\t\t2553441010.1111\/ijd.12635http:\/\/gateway.webofknowledge.com\/gateway\/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000346728800016&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=b7bc2757938ac7a7a821505f8243d9f3"},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-4-Article_1-b14","series-title":"Dermatol Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1610","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4725.2010.01693.x","article-title":"Retronychia: diagnosis and treatment","volume":"36","author":"Baumgartner","year":"2010","unstructured":"Baumgartner\n              M\n            \n            \n              Haneke\n              E:\n            \n          \n          Retronychia: diagnosis and treatment.\n\t\t\t\t\tDermatol Surg36: 1610,\n\t\t\t\t\t2010.\n\t\t\t\t20722655http:\/\/gateway.webofknowledge.com\/gateway\/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000282324800023&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=b7bc2757938ac7a7a821505f8243d9f310.1111\/j.1524-4725.2010.01693.x"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Podiatric Medical 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