{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T19:41:39Z","timestamp":1791402099650,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"st1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The deep plantar (D-PL) artery originates from the dorsalis pedis artery in the proximal first intermetatarsal space, an area where many procedures are performed to address deformity, traumatic injury, and infection. The potential risk of injury to the D-PL artery is concerning. The D-PL artery provides vascular contribution to the base of the first metatarsal and forms the D-PL arterial arch with the lateral plantar artery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st2\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In an effort to improve our understanding of the positional relationship of the D-PL artery to the first metatarsal, dissections were performed on 43 embalmed cadaver feet to measure the location of the D-PL artery with respect to the base of the first metatarsal. Digital images of the dissected specimens were acquired and saved for measurement using in-house software. Means, standard deviations, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for all of the measurement parameters.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st3\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We found that the origin of the D-PL artery was located at a mean \u00b1 SD of 11.5 \u00b1 3.9 mm (95% CI, 4.5\u201324.7 mm) distal to the first metatarsal base and 18.6% \u00b1 6.5% (95% CI, 8.1%\u201343.4%) of length in reference to the proximal base. The average interrater reliability across all of the measurements was 0.945.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st4\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study helps clarify the anatomical location of the D-PL artery by providing parameters to aid the surgeon when performing procedures in the proximal first intermetatarsal space. Care must be taken when performing procedures in the region to avoid unintended vascular injury to the D-PL artery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.7547\/18-215","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,24]],"date-time":"2019-09-24T10:50:16Z","timestamp":1569322216000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Location of the Deep Plantar Artery: A Cadaveric Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"James H.","family":"Whelan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John P.","family":"Lazoritz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Kiser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vassilios","family":"Vardaxis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","reference":[{"key":"i8750-7315-110-6-Article_4-b01","series-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.G.00743","article-title":"The safety of forefoot metatarsal pins in external fixation of the lower extremity","volume":"90","author":"Barrett","year":"2008","unstructured":"Barrett\n              MO\n            \n            \n              Wade\n              AM\n            \n            \n              Della Rocca\n              GJ\n            \n            :\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          The safety of forefoot metatarsal pins in external fixation of the lower extremity.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Bone Joint Surg Am90: 560,\n\t\t\t\t\t2008.\n\t\t\t\thttp:\/\/gateway.webofknowledge.com\/gateway\/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000253946500013&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=b7bc2757938ac7a7a821505f8243d9f31831070610.2106\/JBJS.G.00743"},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-6-Article_4-b02","series-title":"Foot Ankle Int","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100713477619","article-title":"Safety area for proximal metatarsal procedures","volume":"34","author":"Chuckpaiwong","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chuckpaiwong\n              B\n            \n            \n              Korwutthikulrangsri\n              E:\n            \n          \n          Safety area for proximal metatarsal procedures.\n\t\t\t\t\tFoot Ankle Int34: 579,\n\t\t\t\t\t2013.\n\t\t\t\t10.1177\/1071100713477619http:\/\/gateway.webofknowledge.com\/gateway\/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000330308300018&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=b7bc2757938ac7a7a821505f8243d9f323391626"},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-6-Article_4-b03","series-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2004.09.001","article-title":"Pseudoaneurysm after modified Lapidus arthrodesis: a case report","volume":"43","author":"Hamilton","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hamilton\n              GA\n            \n            \n              Ford\n              LA\n            \n            \n              Ceraldi\n              C:\n            \n          \n          Pseudoaneurysm after modified Lapidus arthrodesis: a case report.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Foot Ankle Surg43: 318,\n\t\t\t\t\t2004.\n\t\t\t\t10.1053\/j.jfas.2004.09.00115480408"},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-6-Article_4-b04","series-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2009.07.022","article-title":"Preoperative Doppler assessment for transmetatarsal amputation","volume":"49","author":"Attinger","year":"2010","unstructured":"Attinger\n              CE\n            \n            \n              Meyr\n              AJ\n            \n            \n              Fitzgerald\n              S\n            \n            :\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          Preoperative Doppler assessment for transmetatarsal amputation.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Foot Ankle Surg49: 101,\n\t\t\t\t\t2010.\n\t\t\t\t10.1053\/j.jfas.2009.07.02220123301http:\/\/gateway.webofknowledge.com\/gateway\/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000273049800026&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=b7bc2757938ac7a7a821505f8243d9f3"},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-6-Article_4-b05","series-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2018.03.010","article-title":"Anatomic limitations of the transmetatarsal amputation with consideration of the deep plantar perforating branch of the dorsalis pedis artery","volume":"57","author":"Creech","year":"2018","unstructured":"Creech\n              CL\n            \n            \n              Zinyemba\n              P\n            \n            \n              Choi\n              ET\n            \n            :\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          Anatomic limitations of the transmetatarsal amputation with consideration of the deep plantar perforating branch of the dorsalis pedis artery.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Foot Ankle Surg57: 880,\n\t\t\t\t\t2018.\n\t\t\t\t10.1053\/j.jfas.2018.03.010http:\/\/gateway.webofknowledge.com\/gateway\/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000442674300006&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=b7bc2757938ac7a7a821505f8243d9f329880323"},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-6-Article_4-b06","series-title":"Acta Anat","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1159\/000147664","article-title":"Arteriographie study of the arterial supply of the foot in one hundred cadaver feet","volume":"151","author":"Humada","year":"1994","unstructured":"Humada\n              N\n            \n            \n              Ikuta\n              Y\n            \n            \n              Ikeda\n              A:\n            \n          \n          Arteriographie study of the arterial supply of the foot in one hundred cadaver feet.\n\t\t\t\t\tActa Anat151: 198,\n\t\t\t\t\t1994.\n\t\t\t\t10.1159\/000147664"},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-6-Article_4-b07","series-title":"Okajimas Folia Anat Jpn","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.2535\/ofaj1936.48.5_295","article-title":"On the position and course of the deep plantar arteries, with special reference to the so-called plantar metatarsal arteries","volume":"48","author":"Murakami","year":"1971","unstructured":"Murakami\n              T:\n            \n          \n          On the position and course of the deep plantar arteries, with special reference to the so-called plantar metatarsal arteries.\n\t\t\t\t\tOkajimas Folia Anat Jpn48: 295,\n\t\t\t\t\t1971.\n\t\t\t\t517196310.2535\/ofaj1936.48.5_295"},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-6-Article_4-b08","series-title":"Clin Anat","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1002\/ca.20126","article-title":"Anatomic study of the deep plantar arch","volume":"18","author":"Ozer","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ozer\n              MA\n            \n            \n              Govsa\n              F\n            \n            \n              Bilge\n              O:\n            \n          \n          Anatomic study of the deep plantar arch.\n\t\t\t\t\tClin Anat18: 434,\n\t\t\t\t\t2005.\n\t\t\t\t1601564310.1002\/ca.20126"},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-6-Article_4-b09","series-title":"Surg Radiol Anat","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-001-0253-1","article-title":"The deep plantar arch in humans: constitution and topography","volume":"23","author":"Gabrielli","year":"2001","unstructured":"Gabrielli\n              C\n            \n            \n              Olave\n              E\n            \n            \n              Mandiola\n              E\n            \n            :\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          The deep plantar arch in humans: constitution and topography.\n\t\t\t\t\tSurg Radiol Anat23: 253,\n\t\t\t\t\t2001.\n\t\t\t\t10.1007\/s00276-001-0253-111694970"},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-6-Article_4-b10","series-title":"Surg Radiol Anat","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1007\/s00276-008-0441-3","article-title":"The microvascular anatomy of the metatarsal bones: a plastination study","volume":"31","author":"Rath","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rath\n              B\n            \n            \n              Notermans\n              HP\n            \n            \n              Franzen\n              J\n            \n            :\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          The microvascular anatomy of the metatarsal bones: a plastination study.\n\t\t\t\t\tSurg Radiol Anat31: 271,\n\t\t\t\t\t2009.\n\t\t\t\t1902351110.1007\/s00276-008-0441-3http:\/\/gateway.webofknowledge.com\/gateway\/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000264794200007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=b7bc2757938ac7a7a821505f8243d9f3"},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-6-Article_4-b11","series-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2010.06.003","article-title":"Immediate weight bearing following modified lapidus arthrodesis","volume":"49","author":"Basile","year":"2010","unstructured":"Basile\n              P\n            \n            \n              Cook\n              EA\n            \n            \n              Cook\n              JJ:\n            \n          \n          Immediate weight bearing following modified lapidus arthrodesis.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Foot Ankle Surg49: 459,\n\t\t\t\t\t2010.\n\t\t\t\t2063830410.1053\/j.jfas.2010.06.003http:\/\/gateway.webofknowledge.com\/gateway\/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000281215600011&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=b7bc2757938ac7a7a821505f8243d9f3"},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-6-Article_4-b12","first-page":"543","article-title":"Correction of intermetatarsal angle in hallux valgus using small suture button device","volume":"34","author":"Holmes","year":"2013","unstructured":"Holmes\n              GB\n              Jr,\n            \n            \n              Hsu\n              AR:\n            \n          \n          Correction of intermetatarsal angle in hallux valgus using small suture button device.\n\t\t\t\t\t34: 543,\n\t\t\t\t\t2013.\n\t\t\t\t23559614http:\/\/gateway.webofknowledge.com\/gateway\/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000330308300012&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=b7bc2757938ac7a7a821505f8243d9f3"},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-6-Article_4-b13","series-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jfas.2018.08.010","article-title":"Structures at risk from an intermetatarsal screw for lapidus bunionectomy: a cadaveric study","volume":"58","author":"So","year":"2019","unstructured":"So\n              E\n            \n            \n              Van Dyke\n              B\n            \n            \n              McGann\n              MR\n            \n            :\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          Structures at risk from an intermetatarsal screw for lapidus bunionectomy: a cadaveric study.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Foot Ankle Surg58: 62,\n\t\t\t\t\t2019.\n\t\t\t\thttp:\/\/gateway.webofknowledge.com\/gateway\/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000454147900014&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=b7bc2757938ac7a7a821505f8243d9f33044837810.1053\/j.jfas.2018.08.010"},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-6-Article_4-b14","series-title":"Biometrics","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310","article-title":"The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data","volume":"33","author":"Landis","year":"1977","unstructured":"Landis\n              JR\n            \n            \n              Koch\n              GG:\n            \n          \n          The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data.\n\t\t\t\t\tBiometrics33: 159,\n\t\t\t\t\t1977.\n\t\t\t\t84357110.2307\/2529310"},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-6-Article_4-b15","series-title":"Ann Plast Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-199701000-00010","article-title":"Anatomic study of the dorsalis pedis-first dorsal metatarsal artery","volume":"38","author":"Lee","year":"1997","unstructured":"Lee\n              JH\n            \n            \n              Dauber\n              W:\n            \n          \n          Anatomic study of the dorsalis pedis-first dorsal metatarsal artery.\n\t\t\t\t\tAnn Plast Surg38: 50,\n\t\t\t\t\t1997.\n\t\t\t\t901554010.1097\/00000637-199701000-00010"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Podiatric Medical 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