{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T11:14:31Z","timestamp":1783509271103,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"st1\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Diabetic foot infections (DFIs) are the most common cause of hospitalization for patients with diabetes. Studies have shown diabetic patients have high readmission rates. It is important to identify variables that contribute to readmission. This study aimed to investigate clinical variables associated with 30-day hospital readmission in patients with DFI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st2\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We conducted a retrospective study of adults admitted to the hospital for DFI between July 1, 2012, and July 1, 2015. We identified patients by\n                      <jats:italic>International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision<\/jats:italic>\n                      codes and randomly selected 35% of medical records for review. Patients were excluded if they did not have a DFI by review, were pregnant, or were incarcerated. The primary outcome was 30-day readmission. Data collected included baseline demographics, medical comorbidities, substance abuse, homelessness, tobacco use, and laboratory and surgical pathology data. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify independent predictors.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st3\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 140 included patients, 106 (76%) were male. Median age was 55 years and length of stay (LOS) was 7 days. In univariate analysis, 31 patients (22%) were readmitted in the 30 days after the index hospitalization. Factors associated with readmission included treatment failure, elevated C-reactive protein level, and hospital LOS (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .05). In multivariate analyses, LOS and treatment failure were independent predictors of readmission.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"st4\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The 30-day readmission rate for patients with DFI is high. Treatment failure, C-reactive protein, and LOS are independently associated with readmission. More work is needed to determine reasons for readmission so that appropriate measures can be taken before discharge.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.7547\/19-023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]],"date-time":"2020-12-10T13:58:32Z","timestamp":1607608712000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Risk Factors Associated with 30-Day Readmission in Patients with Diabetic Foot Infections"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"Marshall","family":"Miller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bryan","family":"Knepper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","reference":[{"issue":"(suppl 1)","key":"i8750-7315-110-6-Article_1-b01","series-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.2699","article-title":"International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot: IWGDF guidance on the diagnosis and management of foot infections in persons with diabetes","volume":"32","author":"Lipsky","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lipsky\n              BA\n            \n            \n              Arag\u00f3n-S\u00e1nchez\n              J\n            \n            \n              Diggle\n              M\n            \n            ;\n          \n          International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot: IWGDF guidance on the diagnosis and management of foot infections in persons with diabetes.\n\t\t\t\t\tDiabetes Metab Res Rev32(suppl 1): 45,\n\t\t\t\t\t2016.\n\t\t\t\t10.1002\/dmrr.2699"},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-6-Article_1-b02","series-title":"Clin Infect Dis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1086\/424846","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of diabetic foot infections","volume":"39","author":"Lipsky","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lipsky\n              BA\n            \n            \n              Berendt\n              AR\n            \n            \n              Deery\n              HG\n            \n            :\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          Diagnosis and treatment of diabetic foot infections.\n\t\t\t\t\tClin Infect Dis39: 885,\n\t\t\t\t\t2004.\n\t\t\t\t10.1086\/42484615472838"},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-6-Article_1-b03","series-title":"Diabetes Care","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.5.1421","article-title":"Multiple hospitalizations for patients with diabetes","volume":"26","author":"Jiang","year":"2003","unstructured":"Jiang\n              HJ\n            \n            \n              Stryer\n              D\n            \n            \n              Friedman\n              B\n            \n            :\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          Multiple hospitalizations for patients with diabetes.\n\t\t\t\t\tDiabetes Care26: 1421,\n\t\t\t\t\t2003.\n\t\t\t\t1271679910.2337\/diacare.26.5.1421"},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-6-Article_1-b04","series-title":"Clin Infect Dis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e132","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis346","article-title":"2012 Infectious Diseases Society of America clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic foot infections","volume":"54","author":"Lipsky","year":"2012","unstructured":"Lipsky\n              BA\n            \n            \n              Berendt\n              AR\n            \n            \n              Cornia\n              PB\n            \n            :\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          2012 Infectious Diseases Society of America clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic foot infections.\n\t\t\t\t\tClin Infect Dis54: e132,\n\t\t\t\t\t2012.\n\t\t\t\t10.1093\/cid\/cis346"},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-6-Article_1-b05","series-title":"Lancet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1695","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67694-5","article-title":"Ertapenem versus piperacillin\/tazobactam for diabetic foot infections (SIDESTEP): prospective, randomised, controlled, double-blinded, multicentre trial","volume":"366","author":"Lipsky","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lipsky\n              BA\n            \n            \n              Armstrong\n              DG\n            \n            \n              Citron\n              DM\n            \n            :\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          Ertapenem versus piperacillin\/tazobactam for diabetic foot infections (SIDESTEP): prospective, randomised, controlled, double-blinded, multicentre trial.\n\t\t\t\t\tLancet366: 1695,\n\t\t\t\t\t2005.\n\t\t\t\t10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)67694-516291062"},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-6-Article_1-b06","series-title":"Vasc Endovasc Surg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1177\/1538574415593498","article-title":"Risk factors for 30-day hospital readmission in patients undergoing treatment for peripheral arterial disease","volume":"49","author":"Han","year":"2015","unstructured":"Han\n              SM\n            \n            \n              Wu\n              B\n            \n            \n              Eichler\n              CM\n            \n            :\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          Risk factors for 30-day hospital readmission in patients undergoing treatment for peripheral arterial disease.\n\t\t\t\t\tVasc Endovasc Surg49: 69,\n\t\t\t\t\t2015.\n\t\t\t\t10.1177\/1538574415593498"},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-6-Article_1-b07","series-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1774","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.O.00449","article-title":"Incidence, risk factors, and causes for thirty-day unplanned readmissions following primary lower extremity amputation in patients with diabetes","volume":"97","author":"Ries","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ries\n              Z\n            \n            \n              Rungprai\n              C\n            \n            \n              Harpole\n              B\n            \n            :\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          Incidence, risk factors, and causes for thirty-day unplanned readmissions following primary lower extremity amputation in patients with diabetes.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Bone Joint Surg Am97: 1774,\n\t\t\t\t\t2015.\n\t\t\t\t2653716510.2106\/JBJS.O.00449http:\/\/gateway.webofknowledge.com\/gateway\/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000366399700008&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=b7bc2757938ac7a7a821505f8243d9f3"},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-6-Article_1-b08","series-title":"Malays Orthop J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.5704\/MOJ.1307.010","article-title":"Recurrent admissions for diabetic foot complications","volume":"7","author":"Ang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ang\n              C\n            \n            \n              Lim\n              Y:\n            \n          \n          Recurrent admissions for diabetic foot complications.\n\t\t\t\t\tMalays Orthop J7: 21,\n\t\t\t\t\t2013.\n\t\t\t\t10.5704\/MOJ.1307.01025722821"},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-6-Article_1-b09","series-title":"Int Wound J","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1742-481X.2006.00274.x","article-title":"Clinical predictors of treatment failure for diabetic foot infections: data from a prospective trial","volume":"4","author":"Lipsky","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lipsky\n              BA\n            \n            \n              Sheehan\n              P\n            \n            \n              Armstrong\n              DG:\n            \n          \n          Clinical predictors of treatment failure for diabetic foot infections: data from a prospective trial.\n\t\t\t\t\tInt Wound J4: 30,\n\t\t\t\t\t2007.\n\t\t\t\t10.1111\/j.1742-481X.2006.00274.x17425547"},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-6-Article_1-b10","series-title":"Clin Infect Dis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/23.2.286","article-title":"Can aggressive treatment of diabetic foot infections reduce the need for above-ankle amputation?","volume":"23","author":"Tan","year":"1996","unstructured":"Tan\n              JS\n            \n            \n              Friedman\n              NM\n            \n            \n              Hazelton-Miller\n              C\n            \n            :\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          Can aggressive treatment of diabetic foot infections reduce the need for above-ankle amputation?\n          Clin Infect Dis\n          23\n          : \n          286,\n\t\t\t\t\t1996.\n\t\t\t\t10.1093\/clinids\/23.2.2868842265"},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-6-Article_1-b11","series-title":"Foot Ankle Int","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100712467980","article-title":"Severity of diabetic foot infection and rate of limb salvage","volume":"34","author":"Wukich","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wukich\n              DK\n            \n            \n              Hobizal\n              KB\n            \n            \n              Brooks\n              MM:\n            \n          \n          Severity of diabetic foot infection and rate of limb salvage.\n\t\t\t\t\tFoot Ankle Int34: 351,\n\t\t\t\t\t2013.\n\t\t\t\t10.1177\/1071100712467980http:\/\/gateway.webofknowledge.com\/gateway\/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000330307400006&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=b7bc2757938ac7a7a821505f8243d9f323520292"},{"key":"i8750-7315-110-6-Article_1-b12","series-title":"Int J Low Extrem Wounds","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1177\/1534734616661058","article-title":"Treatment failure and leg amputation among patients with foot osteomyelitis","volume":"15","author":"Barshes","year":"2016","unstructured":"Barshes\n              NR\n            \n            \n              Mindru\n              C\n            \n            \n              Ashong\n              C\n            \n            :\n\t\t\t\t\t\n          Treatment failure and leg amputation among patients with foot osteomyelitis.\n\t\t\t\t\tInt J Low Extrem Wounds15: 303,\n\t\t\t\t\t2016.\n\t\t\t\t10.1177\/1534734616661058http:\/\/gateway.webofknowledge.com\/gateway\/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000392883300004&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=b7bc2757938ac7a7a821505f8243d9f327581112"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Podiatric Medical 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