{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T11:14:28Z","timestamp":1783509268844,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In this study, we present the management of an intra-articular fracture in a 13-year-old boy with WAGR syndrome, an extremely rare genetic disorder. The goal of this study was to provide possible solutions to the complex pain management requirements presenting in the setting of trauma to the right lower extremity. Given the scarcity of literature available with regard to this condition, we aim to not only increase awareness of the disease but also provide insight into trauma management and expected outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7547\/19-029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,11]],"date-time":"2020-09-11T13:01:12Z","timestamp":1599829272000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pediatric Delayed Union in the Presence of WAGR Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Matthew","family":"Antonucci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Adrian","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","reference":[{"key":"i8750-7315-111-3-Article_22-b01","series-title":"Cytogenet Cell Genet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1159\/000131375","article-title":"Aniridia-Wilms tumor associations: evidence for specific deletion of 11p13","volume":"24","author":"Franke","year":"1979","unstructured":"Franke\n              U\n            \n            \n              Homes\n              L\n            \n            \n              Atkins\n              L\n            \n            :\n          \n          Aniridia-Wilms tumor associations: evidence for specific deletion of 11p13.\n\t\t\t\t\tCytogenet Cell Genet24: 185,\n\t\t\t\t\t1979.\n\t\t\t\t10.1159\/000131375225131"},{"key":"i8750-7315-111-3-Article_22-b02","series-title":"Pediatrics","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-0467","article-title":"WAGR syndrome: a clinical review of 54 cases","volume":"116","author":"Fischbach","year":"2005","unstructured":"Fischbach\n              B\n            \n            \n              Trout\n              K\n            \n            \n              Lewis\n              J\n            \n            :\n          \n          WAGR syndrome: a clinical review of 54 cases.\n\t\t\t\t\tPediatrics116: 984,\n\t\t\t\t\t2005.\n\t\t\t\t1619971210.1542\/peds.2004-0467"},{"key":"i8750-7315-111-3-Article_22-b03","series-title":"Cell","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(90)90600-J","article-title":"Complete physical map of the WAGR region of 11p13 localizes a candidate Wilms' tumor gene","volume":"60","author":"Rose","year":"1990","unstructured":"Rose\n              E\n            \n            \n              Glaser\n              T\n            \n            \n              Jones\n              C:\n            \n          \n          Complete physical map of the WAGR region of 11p13 localizes a candidate Wilms' tumor gene.\n\t\t\t\t\tCell60: 495,\n\t\t\t\t\t1990.\n\t\t\t\t215433410.1016\/0092-8674(90)90600-J"},{"key":"i8750-7315-111-3-Article_22-b04","series-title":"Nat Genet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0894-463","article-title":"PAX6 gene dosage effect in a family with congenital cataracts, aniridia, anophthalmia and central nervous system defects","volume":"7","author":"Glaser","year":"1994","unstructured":"Glaser\n              T\n            \n            \n              Jepeal\n              L\n            \n            \n              Edwards\n              J\n            \n            :\n          \n          \n            PAX6 gene dosage effect in a family with congenital cataracts, aniridia, anophthalmia and central nervous system defects.\n\t\t\t\t\tNat Genet7: 463,\n\t\t\t\t\t1994.\n\t\t\t\t10.1038\/ng0894-463"},{"key":"i8750-7315-111-3-Article_22-b05","series-title":"Dev Biol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/S0012-1606(02)00046-5","article-title":"PAX6 regulates regional development and neuronal migration in the cerebral cortex","volume":"255","author":"Talamillo","year":"2003","unstructured":"Talamillo\n              A\n            \n            \n              Quinn\n              J\n            \n            \n              Collinson\n              J:\n            \n          \n          \n            PAX6 regulates regional development and neuronal migration in the cerebral cortex.\n\t\t\t\t\tDev Biol255: 151,\n\t\t\t\t\t2003.\n\t\t\t\t1261814010.1016\/S0012-1606(02)00046-5"},{"key":"i8750-7315-111-3-Article_22-b06","series-title":"Hum Mutat","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-1004(200004)15:4<332::AID-HUMU5>3.0.CO;2-1","article-title":"Mutation in the PAX6 gene in twenty patients with aniridia","volume":"15","author":"Chao","year":"2000","unstructured":"Chao\n              L\n            \n            \n              Huff\n              V\n            \n            \n              Strong\n              L\n            \n            :\n          \n          Mutation in the PAX6 gene in twenty patients with aniridia.\n\t\t\t\t\tHum Mutat15: 332,\n\t\t\t\t\t2000.\n\t\t\t\t10.1002\/(SICI)1098-1004(200004)15:4<332::AID-HUMU5>3.0.CO;2-110737978"},{"key":"i8750-7315-111-3-Article_22-b07","series-title":"N Engl J Med","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"922","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM196404302701802","article-title":"Association of Wilms' tumor with aniridia, hemihypertrophy and other congenital malformations","volume":"270","author":"Miller","year":"1964","unstructured":"Miller\n              R\n            \n            \n              Farumeni\n              J\n              Jr,\n            \n            \n              Manning\n              M:\n            \n          \n          Association of Wilms' tumor with aniridia, hemihypertrophy and other congenital malformations.\n\t\t\t\t\tN Engl J Med270: 922,\n\t\t\t\t\t1964.\n\t\t\t\t10.1056\/NEJM19640430270180214114111"},{"key":"i8750-7315-111-3-Article_22-b08","series-title":"J Clin Oncol","first-page":"4579","article-title":"Characteristics and outcomes of children with the Wilms' tumor-aniridia syndrome: a report from the National Wilms' Tumor Study Group","volume":"24","author":"Breslow","year":"2003","unstructured":"Breslow\n              N\n            \n            \n              Norris\n              R\n            \n            \n              Norkool\n              P:\n            \n          \n          Characteristics and outcomes of children with the Wilms' tumor-aniridia syndrome: a report from the National Wilms' Tumor Study Group.\n\t\t\t\t\tJ Clin Oncol24: 4579,\n\t\t\t\t\t2003."},{"key":"i8750-7315-111-3-Article_22-b09","series-title":"Eur J Pediatr","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01959784","article-title":"Aniridia: recent achievements in clinical practice","volume":"154","author":"Ivanov","year":"1995","unstructured":"Ivanov\n              I\n            \n            \n              Shuper\n              A\n            \n            \n              Shohad\n              M\n            \n            :\n          \n          Aniridia: recent achievements in clinical practice.\n\t\t\t\t\tEur J Pediatr154: 795,\n\t\t\t\t\t1995.\n\t\t\t\t10.1007\/BF01959784"},{"key":"i8750-7315-111-3-Article_22-b10","series-title":"Lancet Oncol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(06)70803-8","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease after nephrectomy in patients with renal cortical tumours: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"7","author":"Huang","year":"2006","unstructured":"Huang\n              WC\n            \n            \n              Levey\n              AS\n            \n            \n              Serio\n              AM\n            \n            :\n          \n          Chronic kidney disease after nephrectomy in patients with renal cortical tumours: a retrospective cohort study.\n\t\t\t\t\tLancet Oncol7: 735,\n\t\t\t\t\t2006.\n\t\t\t\t10.1016\/S1470-2045(06)70803-816945768"},{"key":"i8750-7315-111-3-Article_22-b11","series-title":"Pharmaceuticals","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2291","DOI":"10.3390\/ph3072291","article-title":"Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the kidney","volume":"3","author":"H\u00f6rl","year":"2010","unstructured":"H\u00f6rl\n              WH:\n            \n          \n          Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the kidney.\n\t\t\t\t\tPharmaceuticals3: 2291,\n\t\t\t\t\t2010.\n\t\t\t\t10.3390\/ph307229127713354"}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Podiatric Medical 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