{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T11:14:38Z","timestamp":1783509278581,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:bold>\n To compare pathogens involved in skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTIs) and pedal osteomyelitis (OM) in patients with and without diabetes with puncture wounds to the foot.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n We evaluated 113 consecutive patients between June 1, 2011, and March 31, 2019, with foot infection (SSTIs and OM) from a puncture injury sustained to the foot. Eighty-three patients had diabetes and 30 did not. We evaluated the bacterial pathogens in patients with SSTIs and pedal OM.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Results:<\/jats:bold>\n Polymicrobial infections were more common in patients with diabetes mellitus (83.1% versus 53.3%;\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = .001). The most common pathogen for SSTIs and OM in patients with diabetes was\n Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n (SSTIs, 50.7%; OM, 32.3%), whereas in patients without diabetes it was\n Pseudomonas<\/jats:italic>\n (25%) for SSTIs. Anaerobes (9.4%) and fungal infection (3.1%) were uncommon.\n Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>\n was identified in only 5.8% of people with diabetes.\n <\/jats:p>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:bold>\n The most common bacterial pathogen in both SSTIs and pedal OM was\n S aureus<\/jats:italic>\n in patients with diabetes.\n Pseudomonas<\/jats:italic>\n species was the most common pathogen in people without diabetes with SSTIs.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7547\/20-206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,3]],"date-time":"2020-11-03T14:52:02Z","timestamp":1604415122000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A Comparison of Pathogens in Skin and Soft-Tissue Infections and Pedal Osteomyelitis in Puncture Wound Injuries Affecting the Foot"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"112","author":[{"given":"David H.","family":"Truong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgical Service, Podiatry Section, Veterans Affairs North Texas Health Care System, Dallas, TX."},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javier La","family":"Fontaine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX."},{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Malone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia."},{"name":"South West Sydney Limb Preservation and Wound Research, Liverpool Hospital, South Western Sydney LHD, Sydney, Australia."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dane K.","family":"Wukich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn E.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lawrence A.","family":"Lavery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX."},{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","reference":[{"key":"B1","series-title":"Diabetes Care","first-page":"2077","article-title":"Risk factors for recurrent diabetic foot ulcers: site matters","volume":"30","author":"Peters EJ","year":"2007","unstructured":"Peters EJ, Armstrong DG, Lavery LA: Risk factors for recurrent diabetic foot ulcers: site matters. Diabetes Care 30: 2077, 2007."},{"key":"B2","series-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg","first-page":"61","article-title":"Microbiology of osteomyelitis in diabetic foot infection","volume":"34","author":"Lavery LA","year":"1995","unstructured":"Lavery LA, Sariaya M, Ashry H, : Microbiology of osteomyelitis in diabetic foot infection. J Foot Ankle Surg 34: 61, 1995."},{"key":"B3","series-title":"Am J Med","first-page":"521","article-title":"Puncture wounds: normal laboratory values in the face of severe infection in diabetics and non-diabetics","volume":"101","author":"Lavery LA","year":"1996","unstructured":"Lavery LA, Armstrong DG, Quebedeaux TL, : Puncture wounds: normal laboratory values in the face of severe infection in diabetics and non-diabetics. 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Clin Pediatr (Phila) 43: 213, 2004."},{"key":"B33","series-title":"J Infect Dis","first-page":"657","article-title":"Pseudomonas osteochondritis complicating puncture wounds of the foot in children: a 10-year evaluation","volume":"160","author":"Jacobs RF","year":"1989","unstructured":"Jacobs RF, McCarthy RE, Elser JM: Pseudomonas osteochondritis complicating puncture wounds of the foot in children: a 10-year evaluation. J Infect Dis 160: 657, 1989."},{"key":"B34","series-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J","first-page":"710","article-title":"Pseudomonas osteomyelitis after a plantar puncture wound through a rubber sandal","volume":"15","author":"Saha P","year":"1996","unstructured":"Saha P, Parrish CA, McMillan JA: Pseudomonas osteomyelitis after a plantar puncture wound through a rubber sandal. Pediatr Infect Dis J 15: 710, 1996."},{"key":"B35","series-title":"Isr Med Assoc J","first-page":"268","article-title":"Plantar puncture wounds in children: analysis of 80 hospitalized patients and late sequelae","volume":"5","author":"Eidelman M","year":"2003","unstructured":"Eidelman M, Bialik V, Miller Y, : Plantar puncture wounds in children: analysis of 80 hospitalized patients and late sequelae. Isr Med Assoc J 5: 268, 2003."},{"key":"B36","series-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am","first-page":"1637","article-title":"Pseudomonas osteomyelitis following puncture wounds in children","volume":"56","author":"Brand RA","year":"1974","unstructured":"Brand RA, Black H: Pseudomonas osteomyelitis following puncture wounds in children. 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