{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T11:45:26Z","timestamp":1791805526403,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Foot type, especially cavus foot, is associated with foot and ankle soccer injuries, such as ankle sprains, ankle instability, and foot and ankle lateral injuries. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for foot and ankle injuries among soccer players.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Male and female soccer players, from beginners to semiprofessionals, aged between 10 and 40 years were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Players filled in questionnaires about their training and injury history. Clinical measurements included foot length, Foot Posture Index-6, and arch height flexibility. Each variable was dichotomized: age (&lt;18 years versus \u226518 years), level of play (AA and below versus AAA and above), foot type (cavus or not), and injury. Injury occurrence was analyzed using \u03c7\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    tests between each group of variables, and significance was set at\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; .05.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    A total of 277 players, including 81 females, volunteered; 147 were younger than 18 years and 180 were AA level or below. Cavus foot prevalence was 30%. In the cavus foot group, 51.8% of players had reached at least an AAA level compared with 27.8% in the normal-arched group (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; .001 [\u03c7\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    ]). Injuries were associated with a cavus foot type (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; .01 [\u03c7\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    ]) and with sex, age, or highest level played (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; .001 [\u03c7\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    ]).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold>\n                    This study identified a high prevalence of cavus foot among soccer players of all ages, with an increased prevalence among higher-level players. The injury risk factors were female sex, older age, playing at a higher level, and cavus feet.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7547\/21-095","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,9]],"date-time":"2024-01-09T16:34:12Z","timestamp":1704818052000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Cavus Foot in Soccer Players: Increased Prevalence in Experienced Players and Risk Factor for Injury"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"Anne-Laure","family":"M\u00e9nard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00c9cole de Kin\u00e9siologie et des Sciences de l'Activit\u00e9 Physique, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Campus Laval, Laval, QC, Canada."},{"name":"CHU Sainte-Justine, Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mickael","family":"Begon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00c9cole de Kin\u00e9siologie et des Sciences de l'Activit\u00e9 Physique, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Campus Laval, Laval, QC, Canada."},{"name":"CHU Sainte-Justine, Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin","family":"Barrette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00c9cole de Kin\u00e9siologie et des Sciences de l'Activit\u00e9 Physique, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Campus Laval, Laval, QC, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-Lyne","family":"Nault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u00c9cole de Kin\u00e9siologie et des Sciences de l'Activit\u00e9 Physique, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Campus Laval, Laval, QC, Canada."},{"name":"CHU Sainte-Justine, Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","reference":[{"key":"B1","article-title":"270 million people active in football","unstructured":"FIFA: 270 million people active in football. 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Foot Ankle Clin 18: 629, 2013."},{"key":"B18","series-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther","first-page":"700","article-title":"Association between foot type and lower extremity injuries: systematic literature review with meta-analysis","volume":"43","author":"Tong JW","year":"2013","unstructured":"Tong JW, Kong PW: Association between foot type and lower extremity injuries: systematic literature review with meta-analysis. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 43: 700, 2013."},{"key":"B19","series-title":"Sports Med Open","first-page":"27","article-title":"Characteristics of the foot static alignment and the plantar pressure associated with fifth metatarsal stress fracture history in male soccer players: a case-control study","volume":"3","author":"Matsuda S","year":"2017","unstructured":"Matsuda S, Fukubayashi T, Hirose N: Characteristics of the foot static alignment and the plantar pressure associated with fifth metatarsal stress fracture history in male soccer players: a case-control study. Sports Med Open 3: 27, 2017."},{"key":"B20","series-title":"Handbook of Human Motion","first-page":"711","article-title":"Assessing Pediatric Foot Deformities by Pedobarography","author":"Rosenbaum D","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rosenbaum D: \u201cAssessing Pediatric Foot Deformities by Pedobarography,\u201d in Handbook of Human Motion, ed by B M\u00fcller, S Wolf, G-P Brueggemann, et al, p 711, Springer, Cham, Switzerland, 2016."},{"key":"B21","series-title":"JAPMA","first-page":"119","article-title":"The relationship between arch height and arch flexibility","volume":"107","author":"Zifchock RA","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zifchock RA, Theriot C, Hillstrom HJ, et al: The relationship between arch height and arch flexibility. 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J Foot Ankle Res 9: 1, 2016."},{"key":"B26","series-title":"BMJ Open","first-page":"1","article-title":"International normative data for paediatric foot posture assessment: a cross-sectional investigation","volume":"9","author":"Gijon-Nogueron G","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gijon-Nogueron G, Martinez-Nova A, Alfageme-Garcia P, et al: International normative data for paediatric foot posture assessment: a cross-sectional investigation. BMJ Open 9: 1, 2019."},{"key":"B27","series-title":"Foot","first-page":"2","article-title":"Two feet, or one person? problems associated with statistical analysis of paired data in foot and ankle medicine","volume":"14","author":"Menz HB","year":"2004","unstructured":"Menz HB: Two feet, or one person? problems associated with statistical analysis of paired data in foot and ankle medicine. Foot 14: 2, 2004."},{"key":"B28","series-title":"Ann 1st Super Sanita","first-page":"142","article-title":"Pes planus and pes cavus in Southern Italy: a 5 years study","volume":"53","author":"Troiano G","year":"2017","unstructured":"Troiano G, Nante N, Citarelli GL: Pes planus and pes cavus in Southern Italy: a 5 years study. Ann 1st Super Sanita 53: 142, 2017."},{"key":"B29","series-title":"JAPMA","first-page":"154","article-title":"The foot posture index in men practicing three sports different in their biomechanical gestures","volume":"104","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Nova A","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mart\u00ednez-Nova A, G\u00f3mez-Bl\u00e1zquez E, Escamilla-Mart\u00ednez E, et al: The foot posture index in men practicing three sports different in their biomechanical gestures. JAPMA 104: 154, 2014."},{"key":"B30","series-title":"Sports Med Int Open","first-page":"E52","article-title":"Current soccer footwear, its role in injuries and potential for improvement","volume":"2","author":"Blanchard S","year":"2018","unstructured":"Blanchard S, Palestri J, Guer JL, et al: Current soccer footwear, its role in injuries and potential for improvement. Sports Med Int Open 2: E52, 2018."},{"key":"B31","series-title":"Foot","first-page":"22","article-title":"Foot and ankle injuries and time lost from play in professional soccer players","volume":"19","author":"Oztekin HH","year":"2009","unstructured":"Oztekin HH, Boya H, Ozcan O, et al: Foot and ankle injuries and time lost from play in professional soccer players. Foot 19: 22, 2009."},{"key":"B32","series-title":"Phys Ther Sport","first-page":"39","article-title":"Plantar pressure asymmetry and risk of stress injuries in the foot of young soccer players","volume":"24","author":"Azevedo RR","year":"2017","unstructured":"Azevedo RR, da Rocha ES, Franco PS, et al: Plantar pressure asymmetry and risk of stress injuries in the foot of young soccer players. Phys Ther Sport 24: 39, 2017."},{"key":"B33","series-title":"Foot","first-page":"6","article-title":"Can RSScan footscan\u00ae D3D\u2122 software predict injury in military population following plantar pressure assessment? a prospective cohort study","volume":"24","author":"Franklyn-Miller A","year":"2014","unstructured":"Franklyn-Miller A, Bilzon J, Wilson C, et al: Can RSScan footscan\u00ae D3D\u2122 software predict injury in military population following plantar pressure assessment? a prospective cohort study. Foot 24: 6, 2014."}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/japmaonline.org\/view\/journals\/apms\/113\/6\/21-095.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/japmaonline.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/apms\/113\/6\/21-095.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/japmaonline.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/apms\/113\/6\/21-095.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T10:19:26Z","timestamp":1783505966000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1930-8264\/113\/6\/21095"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7547\/21-095","relation":{},"ISSN":["8750-7315"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8750-7315","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]}}}