{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T11:14:57Z","timestamp":1783509297299,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Proteus syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by overgrowth of limbs and organs and neurocutaneous findings.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    We examined three Proteus syndrome cases with unilateral foot enlargement, megafoot. The patients had ambulatory and cosmetic difficulties. Debulking surgery was performed.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    After the surgeries, patient mobility and functional scores were analyzed and found to be improved; only one patient had recurrence after 5 years. In the literature, there is no consensus about the treatment and the timing of treatment of Proteus syndrome. The literature suggests that early surgery for megafoot leads to better functional results. Debulking surgery and amputation are the two options mentioned. In the present cases, soft-tissue debulking was performed.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold>\n                    In patients with megafoot caused by Proteus syndrome, the functional results were better for those with early debulking surgery compared with those who did not undergo surgery. Patients were able to fit into shoes and walk without difficulty.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7547\/22-130","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]],"date-time":"2024-11-14T08:59:32Z","timestamp":1731574772000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Management of Children with Megafoot Secondary to Proteus Syndrome: A Report of Three Cases with Long-Term Follow-Up"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Mehmet","family":"Demirel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Da\u011fhan","family":"Koyuncu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yavuz","family":"Sa\u011flam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fuat","family":"Bilgili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d6nder \u0130smet","family":"K\u0131l\u0131\u00e7o\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, School of Medicine, Ko\u00e7 University, Istanbul, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hayati","family":"Durmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"B1","series-title":"Orphanet J Rare Dis","article-title":"Proteus syndrome: evaluation of the immunological profile","volume":"11","author":"Lougaris V","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lougaris V, Salpietro V, Cutrupi M, et al: Proteus syndrome: evaluation of the immunological profile. Orphanet J Rare Dis 11: 1, 2016."},{"key":"B2","article-title":"Proteus syndrome. Orphanet","author":"Marsh D","year":"2024","unstructured":"Marsh D: Proteus syndrome. Orphanet. Available at: https:\/\/www.orpha.net\/en\/disease\/detail\/744. Accessed September 12, 2024."},{"issue":"1","key":"B3","series-title":"Sci Rep","article-title":"Repression of AKT signaling by ARQ 092 in cells and tissues from patients with Proteus syndrome","volume":"5","author":"Lindhurst MJ","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lindhurst MJ, Yourick MR, Yu Y, et al: Repression of AKT signaling by ARQ 092 in cells and tissues from patients with Proteus syndrome. Sci Rep 5: 1, 2015."},{"key":"B4","series-title":"Turk J Pediatr","first-page":"200","article-title":"Engiz O: Approach in an adolescent Proteus male patient with megafoot","volume":"50","author":"Derman O","year":"2008","unstructured":"Derman O, Balci S, Engiz O: Approach in an adolescent Proteus male patient with megafoot. Turk J Pediatr 50: 200, 2008."},{"key":"B5","series-title":"J Child Orthop","first-page":"319","article-title":"Assessment and management of the orthopedic and other complications of Proteus syndrome","volume":"5","author":"Tosi LL","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tosi LL, Sapp JC, Allen ES, et al: Assessment and management of the orthopedic and other complications of Proteus syndrome. J Child Orthop 5: 319, 2011."},{"key":"B6","series-title":"J Pediatr Surg","first-page":"5","article-title":"Proteus syndrome: diagnosis and surgical management","volume":"28","author":"Vaughn RY","year":"1993","unstructured":"Vaughn RY, Selinger AD, Howell CG, et al: Proteus syndrome: diagnosis and surgical management. J Pediatr Surg 28: 5, 1993."},{"key":"B7","series-title":"Birth Defects Orig Artic Ser","first-page":"291","article-title":"A newly recognized hamartomatous syndrome","volume":"15","author":"Cohen MM Jr","year":"1979","unstructured":"Cohen MM Jr, Hayden PW: A newly recognized hamartomatous syndrome. Birth Defects Orig Artic Ser 15: 291, 1979."},{"key":"B8","series-title":"Eur J Pediatr","first-page":"5","article-title":"The Proteus syndrome","volume":"140","author":"Wiedemann HR","year":"1983","unstructured":"Wiedemann HR, Burgio GR, Aldenhoff P, et al: The Proteus syndrome. Eur J Pediatr 140: 5, 1983."},{"key":"B9","article-title":"OMIM entry # 176920: Proteus syndrome. OMIM","author":"McKusick VA","year":"2022","unstructured":"McKusick VA: OMIM entry # 176920: Proteus syndrome. OMIM. Available at: https:\/\/www.omim.org\/entry\/176920. Published May 1, 2022."},{"key":"B10","series-title":"Am J Med Genet","first-page":"311","article-title":"Clinical differentiation between Proteus syndrome and hemihyperplasia: description of a distinct form of hemihyperplasia","volume":"79","author":"Biesecker LG","year":"1998","unstructured":"Biesecker LG, Peters KF, Darling TN, et al: Clinical differentiation between Proteus syndrome and hemihyperplasia: description of a distinct form of hemihyperplasia. Am J Med Genet 79: 311, 1998."},{"key":"B11","series-title":"J Orthop Traumatol","first-page":"41","article-title":"Macrodystrophia lipomatosa involving multiple nerves","volume":"13","author":"Rohilla S","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rohilla S, Jain N, Sharma R, et al: Macrodystrophia lipomatosa involving multiple nerves. J Orthop Traumatol 13: 41, 2011."},{"key":"B12","series-title":"BJR Case Rep","first-page":"20210153","article-title":"Proteus syndrome with sciatic nerve fibrolipomatous hamartoma: an uncommon finding in a rare disease: report of two cases with literature review","volume":"8","author":"Ibrahim D","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ibrahim D: Proteus syndrome with sciatic nerve fibrolipomatous hamartoma: an uncommon finding in a rare disease: report of two cases with literature review. BJR Case Rep 8: 20210153, 2021."},{"key":"B13","series-title":"J Hand Surg","first-page":"32","article-title":"Proteus syndrome","volume":"17","author":"Barmakian JT","year":"1992","unstructured":"Barmakian JT, Posner MA, Silver L, et al: Proteus syndrome. J Hand Surg 17: 32, 1992."},{"key":"B14","series-title":"Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg","first-page":"307","article-title":"Proteus syndrome","volume":"37","author":"Bilkay U","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bilkay U, Tokat C, Ozek C, et al: Proteus syndrome. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg 37: 307, 2003."},{"key":"B15","series-title":"J R Soc Promot Health","first-page":"24","article-title":"Hemihypertrophy","volume":"122","author":"Leung AK","year":"2002","unstructured":"Leung AK, Fong JH, Leong AG: Hemihypertrophy. J R Soc Promot Health 122: 24, 2002."},{"key":"B16","series-title":"Foot (Edinb","first-page":"172","article-title":"Macrodystrophia lipomatosa","volume":"22","author":"Sudesh P","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sudesh P, Raj N, Kumar R, et al: Macrodystrophia lipomatosa. Foot (Edinb) 22: 172, 2012."},{"key":"B17","series-title":"Foot (Edinb","first-page":"86","article-title":"Macrodystrophia lipomatosa of foot involving great toe","volume":"24","author":"Gaur AK","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gaur AK, Mhambre AS, Popalwar H, et al: Macrodystrophia lipomatosa of foot involving great toe. Foot (Edinb). 24: 86, 2014."}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/japmaonline.org\/view\/journals\/apms\/114\/5\/22-130.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/japmaonline.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/apms\/114\/5\/22-130.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/japmaonline.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/apms\/114\/5\/22-130.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T10:19:50Z","timestamp":1783505990000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1930-8264\/114\/5\/22130"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7547\/22-130","relation":{},"ISSN":["8750-7315"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8750-7315","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]}}}