{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T19:19:31Z","timestamp":1793301571160,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Bony outgrowths of the distal phalanx of the great toe have been described in the literature but rarely. These subungual bony outgrowths can be caused by subungual exostosis or subungual osteochondromas. Both of these abnormalities are bony outgrowths with differences in the cartilage cap wherein the exostoses have fibrocartilage, and osteochondromas have hyaline cartilage. The subungual exostosis and osteochondroma that are protruding present symptoms of pain, redness, and deformed nail bed, whereas the nonprotruding osteochondromas have only a lump as the presenting symptom. In both conditions, excision of the lesion and curettage of the base helps prevent a recurrence. Curettage at the end of the excision of the bony outgrowth is required to avoid recurrence. After excision, the specimen should be sent for histopathologic examination to differentiate between the exostosis and osteochondromas, which are underreported in subungual locations, and to rule out malignant transformation. We present a 13-year-old girl with an isolated subungual nonprotruding exostosis of the great toe that was treated by excisional biopsy. The histopathologic examination confirmed it as osteochondroma, which is underreported.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7547\/22-208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]],"date-time":"2024-05-16T12:35:12Z","timestamp":1715862912000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Subungual Osteochondroma of the Great Toe: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Mansingh","family":"Jarolia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, AIIMS, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sai Krishna","family":"MLV","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, AIIMS, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vijay Kumar","family":"Digge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, AIIMS, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arun Kumar","family":"Panda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","reference":[{"key":"B1","series-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg","first-page":"495","article-title":"Resection and reconstruction of an osteochondroma of the hallux: a review of benign bone tumors and a description of an unusual case","volume":"48","author":"Schnirring-Judge M","year":"2009","unstructured":"Schnirring-Judge M, Visser J: Resection and reconstruction of an osteochondroma of the hallux: a review of benign bone tumors and a description of an unusual case. J Foot Ankle Surg 48: 495, 2009."},{"key":"B2","series-title":"Indian J Orthop","first-page":"49","article-title":"Protruded and nonprotruded subungual exostosis: differences in surgical approach","volume":"48","author":"Ba\u015far H","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ba\u015far H, Inanmaz ME, Ba\u015far B, et al: Protruded and nonprotruded subungual exostosis: differences in surgical approach. Indian J Orthop 48: 49, 2014."},{"key":"B3","series-title":"Indian Dermatol Online J","first-page":"202","article-title":"Subungual exostosis\u2014clinical, radiological, and histological findings","volume":"10","author":"Das PC","year":"2019","unstructured":"Das PC, Hassan S, Kumar P: Subungual exostosis\u2014clinical, radiological, and histological findings. Indian Dermatol Online J 10: 202, 2019."},{"key":"B4","series-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res","first-page":"1251","article-title":"Subungual exostosis of the toes: a systematic review","volume":"472","author":"DaCambra MP","year":"2014","unstructured":"DaCambra MP, Gupta SK, Ferri-de-Barros F: Subungual exostosis of the toes: a systematic review. Clin Orthop Relat Res 472: 1251, 2014."},{"key":"B5","series-title":"Foot Ankle Spec","first-page":"376","article-title":"Subungual exostosis of the great toe: a case report and tumor overview","volume":"4","author":"Singh R","year":"2011","unstructured":"Singh R, Jain M, Goel R, et al: Subungual exostosis of the great toe: a case report and tumor overview. Foot Ankle Spec 4: 376, 2011."},{"key":"B6","series-title":"JAPMA","first-page":"519","article-title":"A proposed subungual exostosis clinical classification and treatment plan","volume":"99","author":"Garc\u00eda Carmona FJ","year":"2009","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda Carmona FJ, Pascual Huerta J, Fern\u00e1ndez Morato D: A proposed subungual exostosis clinical classification and treatment plan. JAPMA 99: 519, 2009."},{"key":"B7","series-title":"Int J Dermatol","first-page":"872","article-title":"Subungual exostosis and subungual osteochondromas: a description of 25 cases","volume":"57","author":"G\u00f6ktay F","year":"2018","unstructured":"G\u00f6ktay F, At\u0131\u015f G, G\u00fcne\u015f P, et al: Subungual exostosis and subungual osteochondromas: a description of 25 cases. Int J Dermatol 57: 872, 2018."},{"key":"B8","series-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg","first-page":"807","article-title":"Extraskeletal osteochondroma of the great toe in a teenager","volume":"58","author":"Hunter AM","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hunter AM, Farnell C, Doyle JS: Extraskeletal osteochondroma of the great toe in a teenager. J Foot Ankle Surg 58: 807, 2019."},{"key":"B9","series-title":"Foot Ankle Int","first-page":"595","article-title":"Two distinctive subungual pathologies: subungual exostosis and subungual osteochondroma","volume":"28","author":"Lee SK","year":"2007","unstructured":"Lee SK, Jung MS, Lee YH, et al: Two distinctive subungual pathologies: subungual exostosis and subungual osteochondroma. Foot Ankle Int 28: 595, 2007."},{"key":"B10","series-title":"Int J Dermatol","first-page":"245","article-title":"Solitary asymptomatic nodule of the great toe","volume":"44","author":"Guarneri C","year":"2005","unstructured":"Guarneri C, Guarneri F, Risitano G, et al: Solitary asymptomatic nodule of the great toe. Int J Dermatol 44: 245, 2005."}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/japmaonline.org\/view\/journals\/apms\/114\/2\/22-208.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/japmaonline.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/apms\/114\/2\/22-208.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/japmaonline.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/apms\/114\/2\/22-208.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T10:19:38Z","timestamp":1783505978000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1930-8264\/114\/2\/22208"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7547\/22-208","relation":{},"ISSN":["8750-7315"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8750-7315","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}}}