{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T20:45:38Z","timestamp":1785876338489,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Angioleiomyoma is a benign soft-tissue tumor that arises from the smooth muscle cells in the tunica media of the blood vessels. Although the most common location for these neoplasms is the uterine wall, they can also originate from lower limbs. Altogether, these neoplasms account for 0.2% of all those located in the foot and ankle region. Signs and symptoms of foot angioleiomyoma can be a localized pain, swelling, and functional impairment. To date, only case reports and case series with small populations have been reported in the literature to describe the clinical picture of these neoplasms and the effectiveness of surgical treatment. In this study, we report our results of surgical treatment for angioleiomyomas of the foot.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Thirteen cases suffering from angioleiomyoma of the foot underwent surgical resection in our institution between January of 2017 and January of 2022. For each case, we recorded preoperative and postoperative symptoms, and their preoperative and postoperative functional status according to both Musculoskeletal Tumor Society Score (MSTS) and American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society Score (AOFAS). Eventual complications and local recurrence were reported.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Each patient had at least mild pain before surgical treatment. The mean preoperative MSTS and AOFAS were 22.1 and 76.8, respectively. The mean tumor size was 17.7mm. Preoperatively, each patient underwent resection with wide margins. None had local recurrences or major complications at their latest follow-up. After surgery, the mean postoperative MSTS and AOFAS increased to 29.5 and 98.8, respectively. Each case had a marked increment of their functionality and a reduction of their pain after surgery.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Our results suggest that surgical approach with tumor resection should be considered a safe and reliable treatment for foot angioleiomyomas in light of the extremely low risk of local recurrence and because of the good postoperative pain relief and functional restoration that can be obtained after the treatment.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.7547\/23-025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,26]],"date-time":"2024-07-26T08:38:36Z","timestamp":1721983116000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Angioleiomyoma of the Foot: Clinical and Functional Outcomes of Surgical Treatment in a Case Series"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Edoardo","family":"Ipponi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Bechini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfio Damiano","family":"Ruinato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia De","family":"Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"D\u2019Arienzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Andreani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","reference":[{"key":"B1","series-title":"J Surg Case Rep","first-page":"rjab535","article-title":"Angioleiomyoma-rare soft tissue tumor of the foot and ankle, review of two patients and review of the literature","volume":"12","author":"Bodapati VS","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bodapati VS, Sunderamoorthy D: Angioleiomyoma-rare soft tissue tumor of the foot and ankle, review of two patients and review of the literature. J Surg Case Rep 12: rjab535, 2021."},{"key":"B2","series-title":"Skeletal Radiol","first-page":"411","article-title":"Deep soft tissue leiomyoma of the thigh","volume":"28","author":"Watson GM","year":"1999","unstructured":"Watson GM, Saifuddin A, Sandison A: Deep soft tissue leiomyoma of the thigh. Skeletal Radiol 28: 411, 1999."},{"key":"B3","series-title":"Foot Ankle Spec","first-page":"270","article-title":"Leiomyoma of the foot and ankle: a case series","volume":"10","author":"Szolomayer LK","year":"2017","unstructured":"Szolomayer LK, Talusan PG, Chan WF, et al: Leiomyoma of the foot and ankle: a case series. Foot Ankle Spec 10: 270, 2017."},{"key":"B4","series-title":"Int J Clin Pract","first-page":"587","article-title":"Angioleiomyoma: a clinical, pathological and radiological review","volume":"58","author":"Ramesh P","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ramesh P, Annapureddy SR, Khan F, et al: Angioleiomyoma: a clinical, pathological and radiological review. Int J Clin Pract 58: 587, 2004."},{"key":"B5","series-title":"Cancer","first-page":"126","article-title":"Angioleiomyoma. A clinicopathologic reappraisal of 562 cases","volume":"54","author":"Hachisuga T","year":"1984","unstructured":"Hachisuga T, Hashimoto H, Enjoji M: Angioleiomyoma. A clinicopathologic reappraisal of 562 cases. Cancer 54: 126, 1984."},{"key":"B6","series-title":"J Clin Diagn Res","first-page":"571","article-title":"Vascular leiomyoma of foot","volume":"7","author":"Gajanthodi S","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gajanthodi S, Rai R, Chaudhry RK: Vascular leiomyoma of foot. J Clin Diagn Res 7: 571, 2013."},{"key":"B7","series-title":"Skeletal Radiol","first-page":"837","article-title":"Angioleiomyoma of the extremities: correlation of magnetic resonance imaging with histopathological findings in 25 cases","volume":"51","author":"Edo H","year":"2022","unstructured":"Edo H, Matsunaga A, Matsukuma S, et al: Angioleiomyoma of the extremities: correlation of magnetic resonance imaging with histopathological findings in 25 cases. Skeletal Radiol 51: 837, 2022."},{"key":"B8","series-title":"Skeletal Radiol","first-page":"1003","article-title":"Angioleiomyoma: magnetic resonance imaging features in ten cases","volume":"37","author":"Gupte C","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gupte C, Butt SH, Tirabosco R, et al: Angioleiomyoma: magnetic resonance imaging features in ten cases. Skeletal Radiol 37: 1003, 2008."},{"key":"B9","series-title":"J Ultrasound Med","first-page":"1201","article-title":"Angioleiomyoma of the extremities: findings on ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"38","author":"Kang BS","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kang BS, Shim HS, Kim JH, et al: Angioleiomyoma of the extremities: findings on ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging. J Ultrasound Med 38: 1201, 2019."},{"key":"B10","series-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg","first-page":"573","article-title":"Leiomyoma of the foot: a case report and literature review","volume":"58","author":"Savage P","year":"2019","unstructured":"Savage P, Zyzda M, Kruse DL, et al: Leiomyoma of the foot: a case report and literature review. J Foot Ankle Surg 58: 573, 2019."},{"key":"B11","series-title":"Cureus","first-page":"e3419","article-title":"Leiomyoma of the foot: a case report","volume":"10","author":"Buddemeyer K","year":"2018","unstructured":"Buddemeyer K, McKissack HM, Farnell C, et al: Leiomyoma of the foot: a case report. Cureus 10: e3419, 2018."},{"key":"B12","series-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg","first-page":"1238","article-title":"A case of vascular leiomyoma causing osseous malformations in the foot","volume":"57","author":"Sedberry SD","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sedberry SD, Bondi EL, Gazes MI, et al: A case of vascular leiomyoma causing osseous malformations in the foot. J Foot Ankle Surg 57: 1238, 2018."},{"key":"B13","series-title":"JAPMA","first-page":"262","article-title":"Angioleiomyoma of the plantar foot","volume":"108","author":"Lepoff A","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lepoff A, Makarov V, Williams M: Angioleiomyoma of the plantar foot. JAPMA 108: 262, 2018."},{"key":"B14","series-title":"JAPMA","first-page":"397","article-title":"Angioleiomyoma of the foot","volume":"109","author":"Moriarty J","year":"2019","unstructured":"Moriarty J, Sottile J, Thakurdial T, et al: Angioleiomyoma of the foot. JAPMA 109: 397, 2019."},{"key":"B15","series-title":"JAPMA","first-page":"Article_11","article-title":"Exophytic angioleiomyoma on the plantar foot","volume":"110","author":"Dreyer LMA","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dreyer LMA, Eastman D, Atwood R, et al: Exophytic angioleiomyoma on the plantar foot. JAPMA 110: Article_11, 2020."},{"key":"B16","series-title":"Clin Case Rep","first-page":"e6079","article-title":"Angioleiomyoma of the right forefoot","volume":"10","author":"Inokuchi R","year":"2022","unstructured":"Inokuchi R, Jujo Y, Iwashita K et al: Angioleiomyoma of the right forefoot. Clin Case Rep 10: e6079, 2022."},{"key":"B17","series-title":"Cureus","first-page":"e14525","article-title":"Rare case of a very large angioleiomyoma of the dorsum foot","volume":"13","author":"Ho K","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ho K, Ireland M, Armanasco PS: Rare case of a very large angioleiomyoma of the dorsum foot. Cureus 13: e14525, 2021."},{"key":"B18","series-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg","first-page":"398.e9","article-title":"Angioleiomyoma in the ankle mimicking tarsal tunnel syndrome: a case report and review of the literature","volume":"49","author":"Hamoui M","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hamoui M, Largey A, Ali M, et al: Angioleiomyoma in the ankle mimicking tarsal tunnel syndrome: a case report and review of the literature. J Foot Ankle Surg 49: 398.e9, 2010."},{"key":"B19","series-title":"J Ultrasound Med","first-page":"1669","article-title":"Subcutaneous angioleiomyoma: clinical and sonographic features with histopathologic correlation","volume":"35","author":"Zhang JZ","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang JZ, Zhou J, Zhang ZC: Subcutaneous angioleiomyoma: clinical and sonographic features with histopathologic correlation. J Ultrasound Med 35: 1669, 2016."},{"key":"B20","series-title":"Joints","first-page":"253","article-title":"A case of intra-articular angioleiomyoma of the talocrural joint","volume":"4","author":"Thung I","year":"2017","unstructured":"Thung I, Mahooti S, Xu X: A case of intra-articular angioleiomyoma of the talocrural joint. Joints 4: 253, 2017."},{"key":"B21","series-title":"JAPMA","first-page":"253","article-title":"Angioleiomyoma (vascular leiomyoma) presenting as a pseudoaneurysm of the tibialis posterior artery","volume":"109","author":"Ciaramella MA","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ciaramella MA, Positano RC, Schneider DB, et al: Angioleiomyoma (vascular leiomyoma) presenting as a pseudoaneurysm of the tibialis posterior artery. JAPMA 109: 253, 2019."},{"key":"B22","series-title":"Foot Ankle Spec","first-page":"168","article-title":"Approach to the management of soft tissue tumors of the foot and ankle","volume":"1","author":"DeGroot H III","year":"2008","unstructured":"DeGroot H III: Approach to the management of soft tissue tumors of the foot and ankle. Foot Ankle Spec 1: 168, 2008."},{"key":"B23","series-title":"Oncologist","first-page":"e338","article-title":"Relevance of reference centers in sarcoma care and quality item evaluation: results from the prospective registry of the Spanish Group for Research in Sarcoma (GEIS)","volume":"24","author":"Martin-Broto J","year":"2019","unstructured":"Martin-Broto J, Hindi N, Cruz J, et al: Relevance of reference centers in sarcoma care and quality item evaluation: results from the prospective registry of the Spanish Group for Research in Sarcoma (GEIS). Oncologist 24: e338, 2019."}],"container-title":["Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/japmaonline.org\/view\/journals\/apms\/114\/3\/23-025.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/japmaonline.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/apms\/114\/3\/23-025.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/japmaonline.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/apms\/114\/3\/23-025.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T10:19:43Z","timestamp":1783505983000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1930-8264\/114\/3\/23025"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7547\/23-025","relation":{},"ISSN":["8750-7315"],"issn-type":[{"value":"8750-7315","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]}}}